血红素蛋白的亚硝酸盐还原酶功能及其生物学意义  

Nitrite reductase activities of heme proteins and their biological significances

作　　者：林英武[1,2] LIN Yingwu(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function,Hengyang Medical College,University of South China,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学化学化工学院,湖南省衡阳市421001 [2]南华大学衡阳医学院蛋白质结构与功能实验室,湖南省衡阳市421001

出　　处：《中国动脉硬化杂志》2020年第12期1020-1025,共6页Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370812;21977042)。

摘　　要：血红素蛋白在生物体系中执行重要的生物功能。在乏氧状态下,一系列血红素蛋白,如血红蛋白(Hb)、肌红蛋白(Mb)、细胞色素C(CytC)、神经红蛋白(Ngb)和胞红蛋白(Cgb)等,表现出不同的亚硝酸盐还原酶(NIR)活性,催化NO-2还原成NO,这与生物体在常氧状态下由L-精氨酸氧化产生NO的通路形成互补。研究表明:蛋白质构象、血红素的配位状态、分子内二硫键以及氢键网络等,可以调控其NIR催化活性,同时受生物体内微环境的影响,如NO-2浓度和pH等。文章对不同血红素蛋白的NIR催化活性进行了分析比较,探讨了其生物学意义,特别是NO-3-NO-2-NO通路在调节心血管系统内稳态平衡中的重要作用。Heme proteins play vital roles in biological systems. In hypoxia conditions, a series of heme proteins, such as hemoglobin(Hb), myoglobin(Mb), cytochrome C(CytC), neuroglobin(Ngb) and cytoglobin(Cgb), exhibit nitrite reductase(NIR) activities, by catalyzing the reduction of NO-2 to NO, which is complementary to the pathway of NO generation via the oxidation of L-Arg in normoxia conditions. It showed that the protein conformation, the heme coordination state, intramolecular disulfide bond, and H-bond network may regulate the NIR activity, which was also affected by microenvironment, such as the concentration of NO-2 and pH values. This review compared the NIR activities of different heme proteins and discussed their biological significances, especially for the important role of the nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide(NO-3-NO-2-NO) pathway in mediating the homeostasis of cardiovascular system.

关 键 词：血红素蛋白 亚硝酸盐还原酶 生物催化 一氧化氮 心血管系统 

分 类 号：R5[医药卫生—内科学]