吴考槃教授临证选方用药学术思想探讨  

Discussion on Professor WU Kaopan’s Academic Thoughts of Selecting Prescriptions

作　　者：任威铭 吴承艳 吴承玉[1] REN Weiming;WU Chengyan;WU Chengyu(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine&School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing(210046),China;Literature Research Institute,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学中医学院中西医结合学院,南京210046 [2]南京中医药大学文献研究所

出　　处：《浙江中医药大学学报》2020年第12期1242-1245,共4页Journal of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University

基　　金：2018年度江苏省社会科学基金重点项目(18LSA002)。

摘　　要：[目的]总结吴考槃教授临证选方用药的学术思想。[方法]通过全面收集整理吴考槃教授生前相关临证医籍、医案、学术论文等文献资料,利用文献学研究方法对文献资料进行分析总结,系统回顾吴考槃教授临证选方用药经验,并附验案二则佐证吴考槃教授的学术思想。[结果]吴考槃教授在临证时注重辨别方药的异同,擅长把握方药用量轻重,选方依据经典、审证求机,用药知常达变,合理使用补泻手段,选方不拘于经方时方。头晕案中,证属心肾两虚、神魂失藏,吴老选用经方酸枣仁汤和肾气丸加减,以补肾宁心安神魂。悬饮案中,证属饮停胸胁、痰气不化,吴老选射干麻黄汤与控涎丹加减攻邪逐饮。两案中吴老依据经典,审证论治,活用补泻,使头晕、悬饮速止。[结论]吴考槃教授临证审证求机,合理运用补泻等治法,遣方用药依据经典,灵活精准,其选方用药的学术思想对于当今中医临床辨治具有重要的指导意义。[Objective] To summarize the academic thoughts of Professor WU Kaopan in selecting prescriptions and drugs during his lifetime. [Methods]Through the comprehensive collection and collation of relevant clinical medical records, academic papers and other literature materials of Professor WU Kaopan during his lifetime, the literature data were analyzed and summarized using the literature research methods, and Professor WU Kaopan’s experience of selecting prescriptions and drugs was systematically reviewed, and with two cases were attached to prove the academic thoughts of Professor WU Kaopan. [Results] Professor WU paid attention to distinguishing the similarities and differences of prescriptions and drugs during clinical treatment,was good at grasping the dosage of prescriptions and drugs, selecting prescriptions based on classics, determining pathogenesis based on differentiation,and mastering both permanence and change, using supplement and reducing methods rationally, and selected prescriptions without limited to the classics prescriptions. In the dizziness case, the syndrome was deficiency of both heart and kidney, and loss of soul, Professor WU chose Suanzaoren Decoction and Shenqi Pill to invigorate the kidney and calm the mind. In the pleural effusion case, the syndrome was accumulation of effusion in chest and flank,with stagnation of phlegm. Professor WU chose Shegan Mahuang Decoction and Kongxian Pill to attack evil and expel effusion. In the two cases,Professor WU examined and treated the cases according to the classics, and used supplement and reducing methods flexibly to cure dizziness and pleural effusion quickly. [Conclusion] Professor WU determined pathogenesis based on differentiation, used supplement and reducing methods rationally in clinical trial, and flexibly and accurately chose prescriptions and drugs based on classics. His academic thoughts in choosing prescriptions provided guidance for today’s doctors in clinical differentiation and treatment.

关 键 词：吴考槃 学术思想 选方用药 补泻方法 经方时方 医案 名医经验 学术传承 

分 类 号：R221[医药卫生—中医基础理论]