基于实测土壤属性CLM4.5对青藏高原高寒草甸模拟性能的评估  

Evaluation of Simulated Performance of CLM4.5 in Alpine Meadow over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau based on Measured Soil Properties

作　　者：苏有琦 张宇 宋敏红 王少影 尚伦宇 周可 SU Youqi;ZHANG Yu;SONG Minhong;WANG Shaoying;SHANG Lunyu;ZHOU Ke(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;School of Atmospheric Science,Chengdu University of Information of Technology,Chengdu 610225,Sichuan,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川成都610225 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《高原气象》2020年第6期1295-1308,共14页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91537106,91737306);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1505702)。

摘　　要：为了改进陆面过程模式对青藏高原高寒草甸下垫面的模拟能力,选取玛曲站、阿柔站、那曲站3个典型高原高寒草甸观测站6-9月的观测资料,特别是实测土壤属性数据,并将实测土壤属性数据代入陆面过程模式CLM4.5(Community Land Model)进行单点数值模拟试验,为改进模式参数化方案提供依据。研究表明:(1)CLM4.5模式能较好地再现高寒草甸下垫面的土壤温湿度、辐射通量和湍流通量的季节变化,修改土壤属性后模拟效果明显优于修改前,但较观测值还存在一定偏差。(2)修改土壤属性后CLM4.5模式在玛曲站和那曲站对各层土壤湿度的模拟值更接近观测值,在阿柔站对浅层土壤湿度模拟效果的改善优于深层土壤。修改土壤属性后,模式地表虽然与各站点实际地表更为接近,但对土壤温度的改进不明显。(3)修改土壤属性前后反射辐射的模拟值在三个站点均偏低,但修改土壤属性后模拟效果优于修改前。模式对地表长波辐射的改进不显著,其中阿柔站的模拟值与观测值的相关性较高,且偏差较小。(4)CLM4.5模式对各站感热通量的模拟值均高于观测值,修改土壤属性后,感热通量的模拟值更接近实测值且在玛曲站和那曲站的潜热通量模拟值与观测值更为接近。In order to improve the simulation ability of the land surface model CLM4.5(Community Land Model)to the alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,we used the observation data from June to September of three typical alpine meadow research stations,i.e.Maqu Station,Arou Station and Naqu Station,especially the measured soil properties,to run a single-point numerical simulation test of alpine meadow in summer half year,which provides a basis for improving the parameterization schemes of the model.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)CLM4.5 model can well reproduce the seasonal changes of soil temperature and moisture,radiation flux and surface energy flux on the underlying surface of alpine meadow.The simulation results after modifying soil properties was obviously better than that before modification,but there was still some deviation from the observed.(2)After modified soil properties,the simulation of soil moisture of each layer at Maqu Station and Naqu Station was closer to the observed,and the shallow soil moisture at Arou Station was better than that at deep layer.After modified soil properties,although the model’s land surface conditions were closer to the actual,the improvement of the simulated soil temperature was not obvious.(3)Although the simulated values of reflected radiation before and after modification of soil properties were low at all three stations,the simulated values after modification of soil properties were better than those before modification.However,there was no significant improvement in the simulation of surface long wave radiation,and the correlation between the simulated values and the observed values at Arou Station was higher and the deviation was smaller.(4)The sensible heat flux simulation values of CLM 4.5 model for each station was higher,and after modified soil properties,it was closer to the observed.After modified soil properties,the simulated and observed latent heat flux at Maqu and Naqu station were closer.

关 键 词：陆面过程模式 高寒草甸 土壤温湿度 辐射通量 地表通量 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]