三级甲等医院神经外科护士职业心理健康状况调查  

A survey of occupational mental health status of neurosurgery nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals

作　　者：吴际军 荣娴 陈敏 邵世蓉 邓天芳[1] 陈德春 龚晓玲 敬星操 WU Ji-jun;RONG Xian;CHEN Min;SHAO Shi-rong;DENG Tian-fang;CHEN De-chun;GONG Xiao-ling;JING Xing-cao(Department of Neurosurgery,Deyang People's Hospital,Deyang Sichuan,618000,China;Sichuan Nursing Vocational College,Chengdu Sichuan,610000,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,Chengdu Sichuan,610000,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Mianyang Central Hospital,Mianyang Sichuan,621000,China;Department of Neurosurgery,Third People s Hospital of Mianyang,Mianyang Sichuan,621000,China)

机构地区：[1]德阳市人民医院神经外科,四川德阳618000 [2]四川护理职业学院,四川成都610000 [3]四川省人民医院神经外科,四川成都610000 [4]绵阳市中心医院神经外科,四川绵阳621000 [5]绵阳市第三人民医院神经外科,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第19期2616-2620,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：四川省科技厅科技支撑计划项目(2015SZ0058-3)。

摘　　要：目的了解三级甲等医院神经外科护士职业心理健康状况并分析其影响因素,为提升护士职业心理健康提供理论依据。方法采用便利抽样法,于2019年8—10月采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、职业获益感问卷、社会支持量表对四川省5所三级甲等医院208名神经外科护士进行调查,采用描述流行病学分析、单因素分析、相关性分析及多元回归分析进行相关影响因素探讨。结果神经外科护士症状自评量表(SCL-90)得分为160.59±54.47,条目平均分为1.78±0.61,各因子得分均高于国内常模(P<0.05)。职业获益感得分为104.00±11.49,处于中等水平;社会支持总分为37.90±5.39,其中主观支持评分为21.44±3.15,客观支持评分为9.37±2.16,社会支持利用度评分为7.10±1.62。症状自评量表总分与职业获益感及社会支持总分均呈负相关(r=-0.798、-0.765,均P<0.05)。多元回归分析显示,职称、工作强度、社会支持和职业获益感是三级甲等医院神经外科护士心理健康状况的独立影响因素,可解释总变异的67.9%。结论三级甲等医院神经外科护士心理健康状况有待进一步提升,护理管理者可根据影响因素采取针对性干预策略,以提升护士心理健康水平,促进护理队伍健康发展。Objective To understand the occupational mental health status of neurosurgery nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals and analyze their influencing factors,with a view to providing a theoretical basis for improving the occupational mental health of nurses.Methods By using the convenience sampling method,208 neurosurgery nurses from five grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province were investigated with the self-assessment scales(SCL-90),occupational sense of benefit scale,and social support scales from August to October in 2019.Descriptive epidemiological analysis,single factor analysis,correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to explore the related influencing factors.Results The score of SCL-90 in neurosurgery nurses was 160.59±54.47,the average score of items was 1.78±0.61,and the scores of all factors were higher than the domestic norms(P<0.05).The score of occupational benefit was 104.00±11.49,which was at a medium level.The total score of social support was 37.90±5.39,of which the subjective support score was 21.44±3.15,the objective support score was 9.37±2.16,and the social support utilization score was 7.10±1.62.The total score of SCL-90 was negatively correlated with the total scores of occupational benefits and social support(r=-0.798,-0.765,both P<0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that job titles,work intensity,social support,and occupational benefits were the main factors affecting the mental health of neurosurgery nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals,explaining 67.9%of the total variation.Conclusion The mental health status of neurosurgery nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals needs to be further improved.Nursing managers should adopt targeted intervention strategies based on influencing factors to improve nurses’mental health and promote the healthy development of nursing teams.

关 键 词：神经外科 护士 心理健康 职业获益感 社会支持 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]