互联网是否会激活机会型创业?——基于创业动机视角的实证研究  

Would Internet Promote Opportunity Entrepreneurship?An Empirical Study Based on Entrepreneurial Motivation

作　　者：刘斌[1,2] 辛伟涛 Liu Bin;Xin Weitao(Academy of China Open Economy Studies,University of International Business and Economics;China Institute for WTO Studies,University of International Business and Economics;School of International Trade and Economics,University of International Business and Economics)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国家对外开放研究院 [2]对外经济贸易大学中国WTO研究院 [3]对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院

出　　处：《经济评论》2020年第5期98-108,共11页Economic Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“制造业投入服务化、服务贸易壁垒与国际生产分割”(项目编号:71973025);对外经济贸易大学杰出青年学者资助项目“制造业投入服务化与出口中的隐含碳”(项目编号:19JQ08);对外经济贸易大学国家对外开放研究院研究项目“WTO改革背景下产业补贴‘合理性’与‘合规性’问题探讨”(项目编号:2019YY05)的资助。

摘　　要：当前,中国经济从高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段,对于创业质量的要求也在不断提高。本文从数字经济和创业动机的角度出发,使用2001—2015年全球创业观察项目的微观数据和世界银行数据库的宏观数据,研究了互联网对机会型创业率的影响,结果发现互联网有利于促进机会型创业率的增长。从影响机制来看,互联网通过促进创新、提升人力资本和社会资本水平、增强创业示范效应进而增加了机会型创业率。进一步的异质性分析表明,与男性相比,互联网在提高女性机会型创业率方面的作用更大;对于制度环境落后的国家(地区)而言,互联网对机会型创业率的提升作用更加明显。While China’s economy is stepping into the stage of high-quality development instead of rapid-growth only,the requirements of entrepreneurship’s quality are also constantly improving.Based on the data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor(GEM)and World Bank database,this paper analyzes the impact of internet on the opportunity entrepreneurship rate.The results indicate:Firstly,the empirical evidence suggests that internet can increase the opportunity entrepreneurship rate.Secondly,from the perspective of impact mechanism,internet improves the opportunity entrepreneurship rate by promoting innovation,enhancing human capital as well as social capital,and advancing the demonstration effect of entrepreneurship.Thirdly,the gender and institutional environment differences of the impact of internet on the opportunity entrepreneurship rate has been analyzed in this paper.Compared with men,internet has a greater impact on women in improving the opportunity entrepreneurship rate.For countries(regions)with backward institutional environment,internet has a more obvious effect on the promotion of opportunity entrepreneurship rate.

关 键 词：互联网 创业动机 机会型创业 生存型创业 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理] F49[经济管理—国民经济]