传统人居智慧与场所精神重塑--浙江古村落记忆在城市住区可持续景观设计中的延续  

The Wisdom of Traditional Human Settlements and Reshaping of Place Spirit:Inheritance of Ancient Villages in the Sustainable Landscape Design of Urban Residential Areas in Zhejiang

作　　者：陶锋[1] 唐洁 包伊玲 Tao Feng;Tang Jie;Bao Yiling(Pan Tianshou College of Architecture,Art and Design,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学潘天寿建筑与艺术设计学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2020年第5期168-177,共10页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(15NDJC073YB);国家社科基金艺术学项目(18BG131);宁波市与中国社科院战略合作共建中心课题(NZKT201516)。

摘　　要：古村落与城市住区同属人居环境的范畴。浙江古村落作为先辈世代生存生活的历史记忆载体,其蕴含的人居智慧是先民环境意识与理想追求高度契合的场域营造艺术,外化为古村落空间和谐共生的整体意境:生态秩序自然之“合”,诗情画意身心之“衡”,韵外之致文化之“和”,族群共鸣伦理之“续”。先民运用营造艺术实现诗意栖居的历史源远流长,至今仍发挥着巨大作用,有助于解答人居环境建设或更新过程中所遇到的生态、人文与社会问题。对于转型升级的浙江城市住区而言,可以通过营造“山水城林、乡韵绕城与生活叙事”等空间意境,重塑住区景观“自然共生、文脉延绵与伦理永续”的场所精神,从而为住区可持续发展提供内核动力,使其走上复兴之路。With the development of urban settlements,human concerns are gradually shifting from housing conditions to the ecological and cultural environment of settlements.Facing the decline of the natural and cultural climate of Zhejiang s urban residential areas,we seek to draw inspirations from the wisdom of traditional human settlements for the transformation and upgrading of residential areas.The human settlement wisdom of the ancient villages in Zhejiang is an art of field construction highly conforming to the environmental consciousness and ideal pursuits of the ancestors,externalized as the overall artistic conception of″harmonious coexistence″of the ancient village space with the place spirit of nature and humanity complementing each other.On the other hand,Zhejiang s ancient villages and urban settlements are both affected by Zhejiang s human geography and social economy,and their relationship is homogenous in origin but heterogeneous in forms.Therefore,based on the theoretical background of traditional human settlement wisdom and place spirit,this paper explores the role played by the art of field construction in creating a spatial artistic conception reshaping the spirit of place,in order to provide a feasible solution to the improvement of people s lives and sustainable landscape design for urban settlements.To this end,this paper first reviews the concepts of″atmosphere and artistic conception″in Chinese and Western contexts.Then,from the expression mechanism of space artistic conception and humanistic value,it demonstrates the connotation of traditional human settlement wisdom in Zhejiang s ancient villages:a field construction art that realizes a harmonious coexistence of human and land in the context of farming and reading culture.Then,it analyzes in detail four types of spatial artistic conception in ancient villages in Zhejiang:the ancient villages are integrated into the natural landscapes,presenting a harmonious artistic conception mediating nature and man;the size of the villages and the devel

关 键 词：城市住区 人居智慧 空间意境 场域营造艺术 场所精神 景观设计 浙江古村落 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]