经嗅觉系统预测和治疗神经精神性疾病的研究进展  

Advances in the Prediction and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases via Olfactory System

作　　者：方圆媛 许淑婕 陈子豪 苗雪萌 吴仟 王惠 缪双大 黄昱程 陈梓润 黄智慧 徐星星 FANG Yuanyuan;XU Shujie;CHEN Zihao;MIAO Xuemeng;WU Qian;WANG Hui;MIAO Shuangda;HUANG Yucheng;CHEN Zirun;HUANG Zhihui;XU Xingxing(Department of Physiology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325035,China;School of Mental Health,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325035,China;School of Medicine,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学基础医学院生理学教研室,温州325035 [2]温州医科大学精神医学学院,温州325035 [3]杭州师范大学医学院,杭州311121

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2020年第11期2087-2096,共10页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31671071);浙江省自然科学基金(批准号:LR18C090001);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(批准号:201910343027)资助的课题。

摘　　要：人类嗅觉系统能感知大量化学物质。嗅觉障碍是一种常见的神经系统症状,且其患病率和严重性随年龄增长而显著增加。嗅觉系统由于缺乏血脑屏障,易成为异种生物的侵袭入口,但同样也是诊断和治疗应用的理想解剖学窗口。许多精神性疾病和神经退行性疾病的发病早期都能检测到嗅觉障碍,嗅觉能力的减退可被认为是某些神经退行性疾病认知能力下降的前兆。嗅觉障碍的高患病率及评估的简便性和低成本使其在临床应用方面具有极大的前景。了解嗅觉障碍与神经精神性疾病之间的联系有助于早期诊断和预测疾病进展。该文就嗅觉系统的特点、嗅觉障碍与神经精神性疾病的发病联系及可能的治疗方法作一简要综述,旨在为神经精神性疾病的早期诊断和治疗提供新的思路。The human olfactory system can perceive a large number of chemical substances.Olfaction disorders are common neurological symptoms,and their prevalence and severity increase substantially with aging.Due to the lack of blood-brain barrier,the olfactory system is a susceptible portal for xenobiotics,nevertheless,it serves as an ideal anatomical window for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.Olfaction disorders are detected in the early onset of various psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases.Hypofunction of the olfactory system is considered as a precursor to cognitive decline in certain neurodegenerative diseases.The high prevalence of olfaction disorders,along with the simplicity and low cost of assessment,endows it with great prospects in clinical applications.Thus,understanding the relationship between olfaction disorders and neuropsychiatric diseases can help formulate early diagnosis and predict clinical progression.This review provides a brief summary of the characteristics of the olfactory system,the relationship between olfaction disorders and neuropsychiatric diseases,as well as possible treatments,in order to provide new ideas for early diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases.

关 键 词：嗅觉障碍 神经精神性疾病 鼻内递送 芳香疗法 细胞移植 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R749[医药卫生—临床医学]