西安泾渭秦墓陶俑的发现与研究  

Discovery and Research on tne Ceramic Figurines from Qin Tombs at the Jinwei Cemetries

作　　者：曹龙 Cao Long

机构地区：[1]陕西省考古研究院

出　　处：《考古与文物》2020年第5期88-95,共8页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

基　　金：国家社科基金“泾渭秦墓考古发掘报告”(批准号:19BKG017)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：泾渭秦墓中出土了189件彩绘陶俑,根据服饰差异可分为塑衣式俑和裸体俑两类,结合肢体姿势与共出的相关器物综合判断可知,有牛车俑、乐舞俑、骑马俑、角抵俑和杂技俑等几类。陶俑的制作方法简单,为捏塑、细部刻划并绘彩后,简单烘烤或晾干而成。这批陶俑时代早、数量多、种类全、组合完整,弥补了东周秦俑的空白,同时对于秦始皇兵马俑的制作工艺及发展源流等方面的研究有着重大的意义。A total of 189 pieces of polychrome ceramic figurines have been unearthed in the Qin tombs of the Jinwei cemetery.Based on the decoration variation,the assemblage of ceramic figurines includes two types:the type with clothes presented and the other type that were presented as naked.Judging from their gesture and associated burial goods,these figurines include ox-chariot figurines,dance-and-music performing figurines,horse-rider figurines,wrestling figurines,and acrobatic figurines.The manufacturing techniques are rather simple.Most of them were shaped by hand and painted with details of facial features.Then those figurines were fired or dried.The importance of those figurines lies in their early date,large quantities,the wide-range of variety included,and the rather complete assemblage represented.The discovery significantly fills scholar in terms of ceramic figurines during the Eastern Zhou period.In addition,it also holds significance for exploring the manufacturing techniques and development of Qin Terracotta Warriors.

关 键 词：泾渭秦墓 陶俑 战国中晚期 

分 类 号：K879.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K233[历史地理—历史学]