花生种皮变化对种子抗破损力的影响  

Influence of Peanut Testa Variation on Resistance of Seed to Breakage

作　　者：王通[1] 禹山林[1] 谢宏峰[1] 陈明娜[1] 王冕[1] 陈娜[1] 潘丽娟[1] 许静 冯昊[1] 迟晓元[1] WANG Tong;YU Shan-lin;XIE Hong-feng;CHEN Ming-na;WANG Mian;CHEN Na;PAN Li-juan;XU Jing;FENG Hao;CHI Xiao-yuan(Shandong Peanut Research Institute/Key Lab.of Peanut Biology and Genetic Improvement,Ministry of Agriculture,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所/农业部花生生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《花生学报》2020年第4期69-72,共4页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：国家花生产业技术体系项目(CARS-14);山东省自然基金项目(ZR2017YL017,ZR2016CM07);青岛市应用基础青年专项(17-1-1-51-jch);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2016B02);山东省重大科技创新工程(2019JZZY010702);山东省重点研发计划项目(SPKR&DP);重大科技创新工程项目(MSTIP)。

摘　　要：通过研究花生干燥和存储过程中种子含水量、种皮超显微结构和果胶质含量,分析种皮结构变化对种子抗破损力的影响及其对种胚的保护机理。结果表明,在种子的晾晒和存储过程中,含水量由30%快速降至9%,种皮原果胶质不断转化为水溶性果胶质,种皮细胞逐渐衰老,细胞壁分离破碎,种皮结构不断空洞化和断裂。这些变化可能严重影响了种皮的机械强度和保护作用,并使得花生种子对破损力的抗性持续降低,机械脱壳的种子破碎概率增加。In order to analyze the influence of testa structure change on seed resistance to breakage and the protection mechanism for seed embryo,water content of peanut seed,pectin content and cell structure of peanut testa were detected respectively.Results showed that the seed moisture reduced from 30% to 9% during 10 days of drying.During the drying and long term of peanut storage,protopectin were converted to pectin substances by hydrolysis in peanut testa.Then epidermis cells were gradually aging and died,and the cell walls were broken subsequently.These changes resulted in testa structure rupturing and hollowing out,and seriously affected the mechanical strength and protection function of peanut testa.Finally,the reducing of anti-breakage force increased the broken probability of peanut seeds during mechanical shelling process.

关 键 词：花生 种皮 果胶质 抗破损力 细胞超微结构 

分 类 号：S565.209.3[农业科学—作物学] Q944.59[生物学—植物学]