挟沙强横风对高速列车气动特性的影响研究  

Study on influence of strong crosswind with sand on aerodynamic characteristics of high speed train

作　　者：金阿芳[1] 李虎 热依汗古丽·木沙[1] 高卫强 A-fang JIN;Hu LI;Reyihanguli-Musha;Wei-qiang GAO(College of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830047

出　　处：《机床与液压》2020年第24期86-93,共8页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51968069,11662019)。

摘　　要：为了研究强风沙环境下高速列车运行的安全性能和气动性能,基于空气动力学理论,运用Navier-Stokes方程、标准k-ε湍流模型对气流进行连续化处理,应用DPM模型对沙粒进行离散化。算例采用欧拉-拉格朗日方法进行求解。研究结果表明:随着挟沙风速的增大,列车背风侧的涡流强度有所降低,但在背风侧的近地面,列车的流线越来越不规则;除此之外,列车车身的压力会随着挟沙风速的增大而增大,会随着沙粒直径的增大而有所降低;随着挟沙风速的增大,列车的阻力、侧力、升力均增大。随着沙粒直径的增大,列车的升力、侧力、阻力、倾覆力矩均有所降低,但比净风情况下要大。研究结果对强风沙地区合理设计高铁线路具有一定的参考价值。To study the safety and aerodynamic performance of high-speed train operation under strong wind and sand environment,based on the aerodynamic theory,the Navier-Stokes equation,andκ-εstandard turbulence model are used to calculate the continuous turbulence movement of the airflow and the DPM model has used to discretization the movement of sand particles.The Euler-Lagrange model is used to solve the example.The results show that the eddy strength of the leeward side of the train decreases with the increase of the sand-carrying wind speed.While near the ground on the leeward side,the train’s streamline becoming more and more irregular;In addition,the pressure of the train body will increase with the rising of the sand-carrying wind speed and decrease while the sand diameter get larger.When the sand-carrying wind speed increases,the drag,lateral force,and lift of the train increase together.With the increase of sand diameter,the lift force,lateral force,drag force and overturning moment of the train all decrease correspondingly,but they are larger than the net wind condition.The research results are valuable for designing high-speed railway lines in the region with severe wind and sand environments.

关 键 词：高速列车 挟沙强横风 流固耦合 倾覆力矩 运行安全性 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]