收获后贮藏时间对鲜食玉米品质的影响  

Influences of Storage Time on Quality of Fresh-eaten Maize after Harvest

作　　者：肖金宝 杨丽[1,2] 梁宇鹏 白雪 范红宇 杨克军 王玉凤[1,2,3,4] XIAO Jin-bao;YANG Li;LIANG Yu-peng;BAI Xue;FAN Hong-yu;YANG Ke-jun;WANG Yu-feng(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement;Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions of Heilogjiang Province Education Department;Heilongjiang Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for the Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院 [2]黑龙江省现代农业栽培技术与作物种质改良重点实验室 [3]黑龙江省普通高校寒地作物种质改良与栽培重点实验室 [4]北大荒现代农业产业技术省级培育协同创新中心,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《玉米科学》2020年第6期71-80,共10页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0300101);黑龙江省现代农业产业技术协同创新体系;黑龙江八一农垦大学三横三纵支持计划(TDJH201902);大学生创新创业训练计划项目“大庆地区鲜食玉米品种筛选评价及配套栽培技术研究”(201710223016)。

摘　　要：以12个糯玉米品种和6个甜玉米品种为试验材料,研究采收后室温下(28℃)放置0、8、16、24、32 h后对子粒中糖含量、淀粉含量、蛋白含量蔗糖代谢酶活性等的影响,探讨鲜食玉米采摘后贮藏时间对鲜食品质的影响。结果表明,鲜食玉米随着采收后时间的延长,子粒可溶性糖含量、蔗糖含量、果糖含量、还原糖含量、淀粉含量、可溶性蛋白含量以及蔗糖代谢酶活性均呈下降趋势,常温下糯玉米品质变化大于甜玉米。因此,为保证鲜食玉米的子粒品质,生产上糯玉米采收后8 h内进行冷冻贮藏。甜玉米中,先正达OVERLAND于采收后16 h内进行冷冻贮藏,京科甜183、和甜一号、和甜糯一号、先正达米哥、郑甜66于采收后8 h内进行冷冻贮藏。12 waxy maize and 6 sweet maize were used as the materials,the effect of the fresh-eaten maize was placed at room temperature(28℃)0,8,16,24,and 32 h on sugar content,starch content,protein content and Sucrose-metabolic enzyme activity in grain after harvest were studied.The result showed the soluble sugar content,the sucrose content,fructose content,reducing sugar content,starch content,soluble protein content and sucrose metabolic enzyme activities of the grain showed a downward trend.The quality change of waxy maize was greater than that of sweet maize.Therefore,to ensure the grain quality of fresh-eaten maize,it is recommended to freeze storage within 8 hours after harvesting of maize.In sweet maize,Syngenta OVERLAND is stored frozen within 16 hours after harvesting,Jingketian 183,Hetian 1,Hetian 1,Syngenta Damigo and Zhengtian 66 were stored frozen within 8 hours after harvesting.

关 键 词：鲜食玉米 贮藏时间 品质 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]