东北地区李属(Prunes L.)植物导管分子形态结构研究  

Morphological Structure of Vessel Elements of Prunes L.from Northeast Area of China

作　　者：邹子瑜 谷利伟 张大维[1] ZOU Zi-Yu;GU Li-Wei;ZHANG Da-Wei(Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025;Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学,哈尔滨150025 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学,大庆163319

出　　处：《植物研究》2021年第1期4-11,共8页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C200908)。

摘　　要：利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和树脂铸型法对东北地区10种李属植物导管分子类型、纹孔式、穿孔板类型的微形态结构特征进行了观察,并测量管腔长度、宽度、尾端长度及端壁斜度角的量化数据。结果显示:在不同生境下该属同种植物的导管类型、尾端长度与穿孔板类型较为稳定。所观察的李属植物存在3种导管类型:螺纹、孔纹、网纹导管。除山杏、欧李、东北李3种植物中仅存在网纹与孔纹2种类型的导管外,其余7种植物普遍存在3种类型导管。螺纹加厚在该属导管分子中普遍存在。单穿孔板在李属所观察植物中普遍存在,仅在黑樱桃、毛樱桃和郁李中发现梯状穿孔板。仅在稠李、东北李、郁李及山杏中观察到相对原始的对列—互列同时存在的纹孔式,其余6种均为互列式纹孔式。根据结构分析,认为东北地区10种李属植物中,郁李最为原始,欧李最为进化。同时,发现管腔长度、宽度与端壁面积与生境显著相关。在对尾端长度测量发现,同种植物导管分子的尾端长度在不同生境下长度较为稳定,几乎没有变化,可作为微观植物分类学的分类依据。The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and resin casting method were used to observe the micromorphological characteristics of vessel molecular types,pits and perforation plates of ten species of Pruncs L.in Northeast of China,and the quantitative data of lumen length,width,tail length and end wall angle were measured.The conduit type,tail length and perforation plate type of the same species were stable in different habitats,and did not change with the change of habitats.There were three types of ducts in ten species of Prunus L.,including spiral,pitted and reticulate.In addition to P.ussuriensis Kov.et Kost.,P.humilis(Bge.) Sok.and P.sibirica(L.) Lam., there are only two types of vessels,including pitted and reticulate.Three types are common in the other seven plants.Helical thickening is common in this genus of conduit molecules.The single perforation plate is common in the plum plants,only in P.maximowiczii(Rupr.) Kom.,P.tomentosa(Thunb.) Wall.and P.salicina Lindl..Only in P.racemosa(Lam.) Gilib.and P.ussuriensis Kov.et Kost.and P.japonica(Thunb.) Lois.and P.sibirica(L.) Lam.,the relatively primitive oppositealternate pitting was observed,and the other six patterns were all alternate pitting.The lumen length,width and end wall area were significantly related to the habitat.The measurement of the tail length shows that the tail length of the vessel elements of the same plant is relatively stable in different habitats,almost unchanged,which can be used in micro plant taxonomy.

关 键 词：李属 导管分子 扫描电镜 形态结构 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]