焦炭塔下锥面腐蚀原因分析与对策  

Corrosion cause analysis and countermeasures of the cone surface in coke drum

作　　者：侯艳宏 段永锋 郑明光 孙亮 王宁 HOU Yanhong;DUAN Yongfeng;ZHENG Mingguang;SUN Liang;WANG Ning(CNOOC Huizhou Refining&Chemical Company,Huizhou 516086,China;SINOPEC Engineering Group Luoyang R&D Center of Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油惠州石化有限公司,广东惠州516086 [2]中石化炼化工程集团洛阳技术研发中心,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《压力容器》2020年第12期48-53,70,共7页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：中海油惠州石化科研项目(CNOOC-KJ125 LH002LH12);中国石化科技开发项目(318023)。

摘　　要：焦炭塔是延迟焦化装置的核心设备之一,易发生腐蚀和材料劣化失效,这是长期困扰延迟焦化装置长周期安全稳定运行的关键技术难题。通过采用各种理化检验手段,对进料结构、工艺操作等方面造成铬钼钢材质焦炭塔下锥段严重腐蚀的原因进行了分析。结果表明,焦炭塔下锥面进料段的严重蚀坑主要是由冲蚀和气蚀导致。进料口高流速的油气对塔壁的冲刷,无法形成焦炭层,进而对塔壁造成冲蚀磨损破坏;同时因冷焦给水过程在进料段区域发生剧烈的气化,从而对塔壁金属材质造成气蚀破坏。通过进料方式优化、材质升级、工艺操作优化等防护措施,有效解决焦炭塔下锥面的腐蚀问题,可显著延长焦炭塔的寿命。Coke drum is one of the core equipment of delayed coking unit,which is prone to corrosion and material degradation failure.It is a key technical problem that has long puzzled the long-term safe and stable operation of delayed coking unit.The corrosion causes of the lower cone section of Cr-Mo steel coke drum in terms of feed structure and process operation were analyzed through various physical and chemical inspection methods.The results show that the severe pitting in the feed cone section under the coke drum was mainly caused by erosion and cavitation.Due to erosion of high flow rate oil and gas at the feed inlet on the tower wall,a coke layer is unable to form,which will cause erosion and damage to the tower wall.At the same time,due to severe gasification occurring in the coke cooling feed water section,it caused cavitation damage to the metal material of the tower wall.The corrosion problem of the coke drum was effectively solved through optimizing the feeding mode,upgrading the material and optimizing process operation,which can significantly prolong the service life of the coke tower.

关 键 词：焦炭塔 铬钼钢 腐蚀分析 冲蚀 气蚀 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TQ051.5[化学工程]