博物馆服务视觉障碍群体的意义与策略  

The Significance and Strategy of Museums Serving the Visually Impaired Group

作　　者：黄洋[1] 孙岱萌 HUANGYang;SUN Dai-meng(Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210023;University of Leicester,Leicester,UK)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文物与博物馆学系,江苏南京210023 [2]英国莱斯特大学,英国莱斯特

出　　处：《东南文化》2020年第6期162-168,共7页Southeast Culture

基　　金：文化部2017-2018年度国家公共文化服务体系制度设计研究课题“博物馆美术馆服务特殊群体实践模式与保障机制研究”(201724)阶段成果。

摘　　要：博物馆应当通过无障碍化服务,为数量众多的视觉障碍人群提供更多机会,让他们平等参与博物馆探索和学习,这对于明确博物馆的社会角色和功能塑造、促进博物馆公共文化服务均等化、促进视障群体的社会性康复都有着显著意义。在实务层面,我国博物馆针对视障群体营建无障碍环境,在建筑空间无障碍、信息与文化无障碍和心理无障碍三个层面均积累了宝贵的经验。今后,博物馆针对视障群体的服务应广泛覆盖并形成常态化机制,开发以融入性和互动性为核心的教育活动创新无障碍教育形式,鼓励视障群体参与博物馆工作,营造平等包容的博物馆环境。Museums should provide barrier-free services to create more opportunities for visually impaired people to participate in museum exploration and learning on an equal footing with others, which is important for clarifying the social roles and functions of museums, promoting the equalization of museum public cultural services, and helping the social rehabilitation of the visually impaired group. In practice, Chinese museums have built barrier-free environments for the visually impaired people, and have accumulated valuable experience in the areas of architectural space barrier-free, information and cultural barrier-free, and psychological barrier-free. In the future, the museum’s services for visually impaired groups should be extensively covered and a normalized mechanism should be formed. Innovative forms of barrier-free education should be developed for educational activities focusing on integration and interactivity, and visually impaired groups should be encouraged to participate in museum work. An equal and inclusive museum environment should be created.

关 键 词：无障碍博物馆 特殊群体 视觉障碍 文化平权 公共文化服务均等化 

分 类 号：G260[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]