超临界二氧化碳增稠剂研究现状与展望  

Current status and prospects of supercritical carbon dioxide thickeners

作　　者：刘斌[1] 王彦玲[1] 梁雷 LIU Bin;WANG Yan-ling;LIANG Lei(School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《应用化工》2020年第12期3120-3125,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05005-005)。

摘　　要：通过对目前国内外超临界CO2增稠剂现状的系统分析,可将CO2增稠剂分为含氟类、硅氧烷类和烃类增稠剂。含氟类增稠剂具备目前最好的增稠效果,但存在氟元素价格昂贵、污染环境等问题;硅氧烷类增稠剂因自身不具备较高的CO2溶解度,所以需要添加助溶剂才可具备增稠效果;烃类增稠剂(低分子量)具备较高的CO2溶解度,但存在碳链增长溶解度下降的问题。综合分析国内外CO2增稠剂研究现状,表明CO2增稠剂研究难点主要是液态CO2自身特异的物理化学性质:CO2(OCO,包含有4个极性共价键)是一种SP型杂化的具备高度对称性(轴对称和中心对称)的线性非极性分子,本身是一种弱溶剂;新型的增稠剂应具有亲CO2疏水基团(低分子量的脂、醚和醛)和能形成三维网状结构的增稠基团等特殊官能团。Through the systematic analysis of the current status of supercritical CO2 thickeners at home and abroad,CO2 thickeners can be classified into fluorine-containing,siloxane-based and hydrocarbon thickeners.Fluorine-based thickeners have the best thickening effect at present,but there are problems such as expensive fluorine and environmental pollution.Silicone thickeners do not have high CO2 solubility,so it is necessary to add a solvent.It can have a thickening effect;a hydrocarbon thickener(low molecular weight)has a high CO2 solubility,but there is a problem that the carbon chain growth solubility is lowered.Comprehensive analysis of the research status of CO2 thickeners at home and abroad shows that the difficulty in the study of CO2 thickeners is mainly the physical and chemical properties of liquid CO2 itself:CO2(O C O,containing four polar covalent bonds)is a kind SP-type hybrid linear non-polar molecules with high symmetry(axisymmetric and central symmetry)are themselves weak solvents;new thickeners should have pro-CO2 hydrophobic groups(low molecular weight lipids,ethers and An aldehyde)and a special functional group such as a thickening group capable of forming a three-dimensional network structure.

关 键 词：油气田开发 超临界流体 二氧化碳 增稠剂 粘度 温室效应 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]