汉语重动句动词同一性悖论  

On the Verb Identity Paradox of the Chinese Verb-Reduplication Construction

作　　者：朱文清 张延成[1] ZHUWen-qing;ZHANG Yan-cheng(College of Arts and Humanities,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei,430072)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第1期132-137,共6页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：重动句(SV1OV2C)的本质特征是谓语部分重复使用了同一个动词。一般以为V1和V2中一个为另一个的复制,但语感、事实和有关成果显示V1已经去动词化,V2却具有典型的动词特征;如果一个是另一个的复制,重动句的生成必将崩溃。为了消解这一悖论,我们利用形式句法理论,分析了重动句的动态生成,揭示了问题的实质:V1和V2确是同一动词的重复使用,但彼此都不是对方的复制,两者都是源词V的复制,V以词根的形式存在。词根在语类上为中性,介于N和V之间,被置于一个名词性环境,结果就是名物化;被置于一个动词性环境,它们就成为动词。这就解释了为什么V1和V2虽是同一个源词V的复制,两者却有着不同的性质。The essential feature of the Chinese verb-reduplication construction(SV1OV2C)is the twice use of the same verb in its predicate.It is generally thought that one is a copy of the other,but linguistic facts,our intuition and existing research findings show that V1 has been de-verbalized whereas V2 has typical verb characteristics.If one copies the other,the generation of the construction will collapse.In order to solve this paradox,this paper applied the formal syntax theory to analyze the dynamic generation of the construction and to probe into the essence of the problem:V1 and V2 are indeed the repeated use of the same verb,but neither is a copy of the other.Both is a copy of the source word V which exists in the form of a lexical root.Roots are category-neutral.When they are placed in a nominal environment,the result is nominalization and when in a verbal environment,they become verbs,which explains why V1 and V2 are copies of the same root V while each has its own properties.

关 键 词：重动句 复制 同一性悖论 悖论消解 词根 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]