三种水培植物在重金属锰胁迫下的生长、吸收及富集作用研究  

Effects of Three Hydroponic Plants on the Growth,Absorption and Enrichment Under Heavy Metal Mn Stress

作　　者：叶美金 刘艳玉 杨玉敏[2] 冯鸿 刘松青 杨财容 YE Meijin;LIU Yanyu;YANG Yumin;FENG Hong;LIU Sonqing;YANG Cairong(College of Chemical and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, China;Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu 610066, China)

机构地区：[1]成都师范学院化学与生命科学学院,成都611130 [2]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,成都610066

出　　处：《成都师范学院学报》2020年第11期103-113,共11页Journal of Chengdu Normal University

基　　金：四川省大学生创新创业项目“植物对两种重金属单一及复合污染的响应研究”(S201914389128);四川省大学生创新创业项目“植物引种驯化前后植形态、生理生化特性和活性物质变化的比较研究”(S201914389114)。

摘　　要：为研究水培植物在重金属锰胁迫下的生长、吸收及富集效应,选择三种常见的水培植物采用静态水培试验的方法进行试验。将预培养过的豆瓣绿、绿萝、铜钱草三种植物放置在锰(Mn)污染水体浓度为55 mg·L^-1、155 mg·L^-1的水体中培养,测量其生长、Mn2+分布等各项指标。结果表明:①随着时间的增长,三种水培植物均呈现低促高抑的现象。②同一Mn2+浓度,绿萝的富集能力强于豆瓣绿与铜钱草,绿萝叶片部分和根部Mn2+的富集量明显高于茎部,叶片富集量最高达26.747μg·mg^-1,根部富集量最高达19.05μg·mg^-1。③在Mn2+质量浓度为55 mg·L^-1的水体中,绿萝的富集系数最大48.74,其次为铜钱草24.62,在质量浓度155 mg·L^-1的水体中,绿萝的富集系数最大(20.82),其次为豆瓣绿(12.18)。④在锰污染水体质量浓度为55 mg·L^-1的水体中,绿萝的转移系数最大(2.66),其次为豆瓣绿(0.74),在质量浓度155 mg·L^-1的水体中,绿萝的转移系数最大(2.83),其次为铜钱草(1.06)。综上,绿萝符合超积累植物对锰质量分数、富集系数、转移系数的要求,其在锰污染水体修复方面有很大的利用前景。In order to study the growth,absorption and enrichment of hydroponic plants under heavy metal Mn stress,three common hydroponic plants were selected and tested by static hydroponic test.After pre-culture,the three plants,that is,Peperomia tetraphylla,Epipremnum aureum and Hydrocotyle chinensis,were cultured in Mn polluted water bodies with mass concentrations of 55 mg·L^-1 and 155 mg·L^-1 respectively,and growth,manganese ion distribution and other indicators were measured.The results showed as follows:first,with the increase of time,all three hydroponic plants showed the phenomenon of low promotion and high inhibition;second,in the same concentration of manganese polluted water,the enrichment capacity of Mn2+in the leaves and roots of E.aureum was significantly higher than that in the stems,with the highest concentration of 26.747μg·mg^-1 in the leaves and 19.05μg·mg^-1 in the roots;third,in the water body with Mn2+mass concentrations of 55 mg·L^-1,the enrichment coefficient of E.aureum was the highest(48.74),followed by H.chinensis(24.62),in the water body with 155 mg·L^-1 mass concentration,the enrichment coefficient of E.aureum was the highest(20.82),followed by P.tetraphylla(12.18);forth,in the water body with a mass concentration of 55 mg·L^-1 polluted by manganese,the transfer coefficient of E.aureum was the highest(2.66),followed by P.tetraphylla(0.74),and in the water body with a mass concentration of 155 mg·L^-1,the transfer coefficient of E.aureum was the highest(2.83),followed by H.chinensis(1.06).On the basis of the above,E.aureum meets the requirements of Mn mass fraction,enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient of super-accumulated plants,and has a great utilization prospect in the remediation of Mn polluted water.

关 键 词：水培植物 重金属锰 生理特征 富集作用 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53