纳西在汉藏之间:丽江大宝积宫藻井核心符号研究  

Naxi between Sino-Tibetan: Studies on Core Symbol of Caisson of Mahāratnakūta sūtra Palace in Lijiang

作　　者：木仕华[1] Mu Shihua(The Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100081)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《西藏民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期20-30,154,共12页Journal of Xizang Minzu University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金专项研究项目“历史经验与铸牢中华民族共同体——中华民族共同体的形成和发展研究”(项目号:20VMZ001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：美术史家对丽江大宝积宫壁画的研究主要着力于壁画内容和绘画技法层面,而对大宝积宫中强调并被置于顶部中央的藻井核心符号这样一个揭示民族关系、文化交流互动关系意义的典型象征却很容易忽视。大宝积宫藻井核心符号巧妙地将汉文化中十分重要的八卦卦符和藏传佛教文化中十分重要的“十相自在图”合二为一,以汉藏文化象征符号复合组合图案向世人表明丽江纳西族地方的历史文化特色和政治宗教关系格局,即“纳西在汉藏之间”这一历史文化地理格局的准确认知、界定和定位,该核心符号没有采用纳西族的文化或政治符号,而是巧妙运用汉藏文化中最重要文化符号的合成来界定纳西文化与汉藏间的关系格局,堪称独特的认知创新模式,表明探讨民族或族群的文化身份和认同与辨异关系时,完全可以用周边民族的核心符号来定位展示,实现彰显特殊文化内涵的效果。At the top of the caisson of Mahāratnakūt.a sūtra palace in Lijiang, the core symbol as a reveal thetypical symbols of ethnic relations, cultural interaction, in the past the art historian of Mahāratnakūt.a sūtra palacemural research more focus on in the contents of the paintings and painting skill level, and as Mahāratnakūt.a sūtrapalace stressed on is placed in Lijiang Baisha Mahāratnakūt.a sūtra palace at the top of the central caisson coresymbols and symbolic significance of has been neglected. Mahāratnakūt.a sūtra palace cleverly caisson core sym-bol is the most important"Kalachakra-the design of Gathering Ten Powerful Elements"is very important in Chi-nese culture be made one of the trigram symbol and Tibetan Buddhist culture, Tibetan symbol with the combina-tion of icons to the world clearly show that the historical and cultural characteristics of religious and political pat-tern of Naxi ethnic group in Lijiang area, namely"Naxi in between Sino-Tibetan". This is a historical cultural geo-graphic pattern of accurate cognition, definition and orientation, the core symbols have no special purpose of Naxiculture or political symbol, pattern relationship but clever use of synthesis of the most important symbols of the Si-no-Tibetan cultural definition of Naxi culture and the Tibetan, called cognitive unique innovation model, we ex-plore the national or ethnic culture the identity and identity and differentiation of relations, can use the core sym-bols around the nation to show and strengthen the implementation, highlight the cultural connotation of the effect.

关 键 词：纳西 汉藏 大宝积宫藻井核心符号 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] C95[历史地理—历史学]