磷化氢对三种储粮害虫的熏蒸技术研究应用  

APPLICATION STUDY ON FUMIGATION TECHNOLOGY OF PHOSPHINE TO THREE STORED GRAIN PESTS

作　　者：荣晓东 李文辉[2] 赵菊鹏 魏成林 郑妙[2] 卢木波 张少波[2] 张小松[2] Rong Xiaodong;Li Wenhui;Zhao Jupeng;Wei Chenglin;Zheng Miao;Lu mubo;Zhang Shaobo;Zhang Xiaosong(Technical Center of Guangzhou Costoms,Guangzhou 510624;Guangdong Institute of grain science,Guangzhou 510130;Shenzhen Grain Group Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000)

机构地区：[1]广州海关技术中心,510624 [2]广东省粮食科学研究所,510130 [3]深圳市粮食集团有限公司,518000

出　　处：《粮食储藏》2020年第5期26-30,共5页Grain Storage

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目南方主要储粮害虫防治新技术研究与示范(2017A070701001)。

摘　　要：针对南方常见储粮害虫米象Sitophilus oryzae.L、赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum Herbst和谷蠹Rhizopertha dominica,采用参考FAO抗性测定方法的磷化氢毒力测定方法,测定了磷化氢对米象、赤拟谷盗和谷蠹成虫的毒力曲线。选择磷化氢浓度0.025 mg/L^0.4 mg/L剂量范围,能够测定磷化氢对米象、赤拟谷盗和米蠹成虫的浓度对数——死亡机率曲线;测定结果表明供试害虫对磷化氢熏蒸的耐药性为:米象>谷蠹>赤拟谷盗,进行实际储粮害虫熏蒸处理时可以通过此方法测定实仓中害虫对应的剂量-反应,以确定准确的投药剂量。经过实仓常规熏蒸、缓释熏蒸及间隙熏蒸应用试验,在相同施药剂量下,有效浓度的保持时间与浓度峰值出现的时间点不同,常规熏蒸有效浓度保持时间最短,峰值出现的时间点最早;缓释熏蒸有效浓度保持时间最长,峰值出现的时间点相对延迟,如果仅从预防的角度考虑,磷化铝熏蒸尽量采用缓释熏蒸。The toxicity curve of phosphine to Sitophilus oryzae. L, Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Rhizopertha dominica was determined by the method of reference to FAO resistance test. When the concentration of phosphine is 0.025-0.4 mg/L, the logarithmic death probability curve of phosphine concentration to adults of Sitophilus oryzae. L, Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Rhizopertha dominica can be determined;the results show that the resistantance to phosphine was Sitophilus oryzae. L, > Tribolium castaneum Herbst > Rhizopertha dominica.This method of determining the dosage with the corresponding dose-response could be used before the practical grain insect pests to be fumigated with phosphine.Through the application test of conventional fumigation, slow-release fumigation and interval fumigation in Pinghu grain depot of Shenzhen Grain Group Co., Ltd., under the same dosage, the retention time of effective concentration is different from the time point of peak concentration, the retention time of effective concentration in conventional fumigation is the shortest, and the peak value is the earliest;the retention time of effective concentration in slow-release fumigation is the longest, and the peak value is the highest If only from the point of view of pest prevention, aluminum phosphide fumigation should be slow-release fumigation.

关 键 词：储粮害虫 米象 赤拟谷盗 谷蠹 熏蒸 磷化氢 毒力曲线 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]