人情消费、同群效应与教育挤出:理论与实证  

Gift Expenditure, Peer Effect and Schooling Investment Insufficient: Theoretical and Empirical Research

作　　者：杜丽永[1] 张旭青[1] 孟祥海[1] DU Li-yong;ZHANG Xu-qing;MENG Xiang-hai(School of Economics and Management,Huaiyin Normal University,Huaian 223001,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]淮阴师范学院经济与管理学院,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《消费经济》2020年第6期46-55,共10页Consumer Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(17YJC790026)。

摘　　要：人情消费过度不仅会加重家庭经济负担,而且也会扭曲家庭资源配置效率,影响家庭可持续生计的改善。本文构建了人情消费的同群效应理论模型,证明了当周围家庭人情消费标准越高时,家庭人情负担就会越重,对平均子女教育支出的挤出效应就越明显的结论。进一步基于中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)2016年数据对上述命题进行了实证检验,OLS回归结果表明,周围家庭的人情消费标准提高的确显著挤出了家庭的子女教育支出,尤其是对农村低收入家庭和中部分散型村庄的子女教育挤出最为严重。进一步以"水稻种植适宜性指数"作为村庄人情消费标准的工具变量进行回归,结果表明上述挤出效应仍然成立,并且挤出效应系数变得更大。这些发现有助于更为全面地评价人情这一最具乡土特色的文化因素对农村家庭可持续生计的影响,也有助于加深理解党中央推动"乡风文明"建设和"移风易俗"工作的现实紧迫性。Excessive gift expenditure will not only increase the family economic burden, but also distort the efficiency of family resource allocation and affect the improvement of family sustainable livelihood. This paper constructs a theoretical model of the peer effect of gift consumption, and proves that the higher the standard of gift consumption of peer families is, the heavier the burden of gift will be, and the crowding out effect on children’s education expenditure will be more obvious. Based on the data of China Labor-force Dynamic Survey(CLDS) in2016, this paper then empirically tests the above propositions. OLS regression results show that the gift consumption standard of peer families has indeed significantly squeezed out children’s education expenditure,especially for rural low-income families and decentralized villages in central China. Furthermore, taking"rice suitable planting index"as instrumental variable of village gift consumption standard, the crowding out effect still holds and the degree of crowding out becomes much greater. These findings contribute to a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of gift norm, the most local cultural factor, on rural families, and help us to deeply understand the importance and urgency of promoting the construction of"rural civilization"and"change existing habits and custom".

关 键 词：人情消费 同群效应 子女教育 挤出效应 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]