阿尔兹海默病发病危险因素概况  

An overview of the risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease

作　　者：杨晓敏[1] 鲍天昊[1] 阮冶[1] Yang Xiaomin;Bao Tianhao;Ruan Ye(The Mental Health Center Affiliated to Kunming Medical University,The Mental Hospital of Yunnan,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学附属精神卫生中心,云南省精神病医院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《四川精神卫生》2020年第6期560-565,共6页Sichuan Mental Health

基　　金：国家科学自然基金项目(项目名称:miR-124/MACF1信息轴在机体运动改善TBI所致认知障碍过程中的机制研究,项目编号:81860236);昆明市卫生科技人才培养暨技术中心建设项目(项目名称:阿尔茨海默病的早期诊断及筛查研究,项目编号:SW(技)-33)。

摘　　要：本文目的是探讨阿尔兹海默病(AD)可能的危险因素、相关的发病机制及预防策略。阿尔兹海默病的危险因素可分为可控因素和不可控因素,不可控因素主要包括遗传、年龄、性别等,可控因素包括糖尿病、中年时期高血压病史、高脂血症、中年时期肥胖史、缺乏运动锻炼、抑郁、吸烟、低教育水平、睡眠等,此外,还包括环境中的金属元素以及脑创伤、甲状腺功能减退、肠道菌群紊乱等病史,本文对这些危险因素的研究现状及可能的发病机制进行讨论。The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible risk factors,pathogenesis and prevention strategy of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).The risk factors of AD can be classified into modifiable part and unmodifiable part,of which the unmodifiable part mainly involves in age,gender and genetic risk factors,and the modifiable part mainly involves in diabetes,midlife hypertension,midlife obesity,lack of physical activity,depression,smoking,low education level,sleep disorder etc.In addition,exposure of metal elements in the environment,history of brain injury,history of hypothyroidism and alteration of intestinal flora were also considered as risk factors of AD.The research status of these risk factors and their possible pathogenesis are discussed in this paper.

关 键 词：阿尔兹海默病 危险因素 一级预防 二级预防 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]