体育锻炼延缓老年人认知衰退量效关系的专家共识  

Expert Consensus on the Dose-Effect Relationship of Physical Exercise Delaying Cognitive Decline in the Elderly

作　　者：蔡治东 娄淑杰[2] 陈爱国[3] 李安民[4] 杨剑[5] 徐霞[6] 赵洪朋[7] 蒋长好[8] 项明强[9] 许东升 赵静[11] 袁逖飞 张力[13] 王洪彪 温家银 陶于[16] 党挺[17] 刘传道[18] 刘团结[19] 刘伟志 邓轩峰 韩燕[22] 曹慧 王兴[1] CAI Zhidong;LOU Shujie;CHEN Aiguo;LI Anmin;YANG Jian;XU Xia;ZHAOHongpeng;JIANG Changhao;XIANG Mingqiang;XU Dongsheng;ZHAO Jing;YUANTifei;ZHANG Li;WANG Hongbiao;WEN Jiayin;TAO Yu;DANG Ting;LIUChuandao;LIU Tuanjie;LIU Weizhi;DENG Xuanfeng;HAN Yan;CAO Hui;WANGXing(School of Physical Education,Huaiyin Normal University,Huaian 223300,Jiangsu,China;School of Physical Education,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,Jiangsu,China;School of Physical Education,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,Shandong,China Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Physical Education and Health,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Health Sciences,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China;School of Physical Education,Shenyang Sports University,Shenyang 110102,Liaoning,China;School of Kinesiology and Health,Capital Sports University,Beijing 100191,China;School of Sports and Health,Guangzhou Sports University,Guangzhou 510500,Guangdong,China;School of Medicine,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Minhang Hospital Affiliated Fudan University,Shanghai 201100,China;School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University;Shanghai 200025,China;Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,Guangdong,China;Sport Teaching Department,Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences,Shanghai 201318,China;School of Physical Education,Guangzhou Sports University,Guangzhou 510500,Guangdong,China;School of Physical Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,Jiangsu,China;Department of Sport Economy and Management,Xi’an Physical Education University,Xi’an 710068,Shaanxi,China;The First Affiliated Hospital,Soochow University,Soochow 215006,Jiangsu,China;Baoshan Branch of Shanghai First People's Hospital,Shanghai 200940,China;Faculty of Psychology,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China;Psychiatry Department,Xianyang Psychiatric Hospital,Xianyang 713200,Shaanxi,China;Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai Univers

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438 [3]扬州大学体育学院,江苏扬州225009 [4]上海体育学院心理学院,上海200438 [5]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [6]武汉体育学院健康科学学院,湖北武汉430079 [7]沈阳体育学院体育教育学院,辽宁沈阳110102 [8]首都体育学院运动科学与健康学院,北京100191 [9]广州体育学院运动与健康学院,广东广州510500 [10]同济大学医学院,上海200092 [11]复旦大学附属闵行医院,上海201100 [12]上海交通大学医学院,上海200025 [13]暨南大学粤港澳中枢神经再生研究所,广东广州510632 [14]上海健康医学院体育部,上海201318 [15]广州体育学院体育教育学院,广东广州510500 [16]南京师范大学体育科学学院,江苏南京210097 [17]西安体育学院经济与体育管理系,陕西西安710068 [18]苏州大学附属第一人民医院,江苏苏州215006 [19]上海市第一人民医院宝山分院,上海200940 [20]海军军医大学心理系,上海200433 [21]咸阳市精神病专科医院精神科,陕西咸阳713200 [22]上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院,上海200437 [23]湖南省第二人民医院精神卫生中心,湖南长沙430100

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2021年第1期51-65,77,共16页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室资助项目(11DZ2261100);教育部人文社会科学研究资助项目(19JYC890038)。

摘　　要：检索国内外5个大型电子数据库中关于体育锻炼干预老年人认知功能的随机对照试验,按英国牛津循证医学中心认定的证据水平评价标准,对纳入文献进行分级,统计与分析体育锻炼各变量对认知功能的影响效果,形成体育锻炼延缓老年人认知衰退量效关系的专家共识。结果显示:有氧运动对执行功能的干预效果较好,推荐方案为每周3次,中等强度,每次30~60 min,锻炼周期为12~24周;抗阻运动对执行功能干预效果较好,推荐方案为每周锻炼2次,中、高强度,每次60 min,锻炼周期为24周;多成分运动对整体认知、记忆、执行功能均具有良好的干预效果,推荐方案为每周锻炼3~4次,中等强度,每次30~60 min,锻炼周期为12~24周;中国民族传统体育对整体认知功能干预效果较好,推荐方案为每周锻炼3~5次以上,中等强度,每次锻炼30~60 min,锻炼周期为12~24周。A randomized controlled trial about the effects of exercise on cognitive function in elderly was conducted by searching the five major electronic databases at home and abroad.According to the evidence level of Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine,the included literatures were classified,and the effects of physical exercise variables on cognitive function were analyzed.An expert consensus on the dose-effect relationship of physical exercise delaying cognitive decline was written.Aerobic exercise has a better effect on practical function.The recommended program is 3 times a week with moderate intensity,30-60 minutes each time,and 12-24 weeks duration.Resistance exercise has a better effect on practical function,with the recommended program 2 times a week with moderate and high intensity,60 minutes each time,and 24 weeks duration.Multi-component exercise has a better effect on the global cognitive function,memory function and executive function,with the recommended program 3-4 times a week with moderate intensity,30-60 minutes each time,and 12-24 weeks duration.Traditional Chinese national sports have better effects on the global cognitive function and the recommended program is more than 3-5 times a week with moderate intensity,30-60 minutes each time,and 12-24 weeks duration.

关 键 词：老年人 体育锻炼 认知衰退 专家共识 循证 运动方案 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]