氮磷钾施用量对辣木生长及养分累积的影响  

Effects of NPK Fertilization Dosages on the Growth and Nutrient Accumulation of Moringa oleifera

作　　者：程世敏 黄丽娜[1] 赵增贤[1] 魏守兴[1] 魏军亚[1] CHENG Shimin;HUANG Lina;ZHAO Zengxian;WEI Shouxing;WEI Junya(Institute of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Danzhou 571737,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期147-154,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(20163126);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(1630032018011)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同氮磷钾用量对辣木生长及养分吸收累积的影响,进一步了解辣木对氮磷钾养分的需求,为以采摘新梢为目的的辣木栽培提供施肥依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验,以氮磷钾施肥量为试验因素,每因素分别设计高、低2个水平:每千克土壤中氮纯养分用量为0.28和0.12 g,每千克土壤中磷纯养分用量为0.33和0.17 g,每千克土壤中钾纯养分用量为0.33和0.17 g,另设不施肥处理为对照,比较不同处理下辣木的生物量及养分吸收累积情况。【结果】高氮处理辣木新梢和茎秆的干物质累积量均显著高于低氮处理(P<0.05),分别为低氮处理的1.47倍和1.19倍。在氮磷钾纯养分组合用量分别为0.28、0.33和0.17 g/kg的处理下,植株单株整体养分累积量最高为19.02 g,单株新梢干物质累积量最高为103.53 g。【结论】氮用量显著影响辣木新梢生长,氮磷钾纯养分组合用量分别为0.28、0.33和0.17 g/kg为本试验条件下最优处理。[Purpose]The effects of different NPK dosages on the growth and nutrient absorption and accumulation of Moringa oleifera were studied,and the demand of M.oleifera for NPK nutrients was further studied,which provided the fertilization basis for cultivation of M.oleifera with the purpose of picking tender stems.[Method]The pot experiment was carried out with the application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium as the experimental factors.The high and low levels were designed for each factor respectively.The pure nutrient dosage of nitrogen was 0.28 g and 0.12 g per kilogram of soil.The pure nutrient dosage of phosphorus was 0.33 g and 0.17 g per kilogram of soil.The pure nutrient dosage potassium was 0.33 g and 0.17 g per kilogram of soil,and no fertilizer treatment was used as control.The biomass,nutrient absorption and accumulation of M.oleifera under different treatments were compared.[Results]The dry matter accumulation in leaves and stems of M.oleifera with high nitrogen treatment was significantly higher than that of low nitrogen treatment(P<0.05),which was 1.47 times and 1.19 times higher than that.Among them,the highest total nutrient accumulation per plant was 19.02 g,and the highest dry matter accumulation of leave per plant was 103.53 g under the N0.28P0.33K0.17 treatment.[Conclusion]The dosage of nitrogen significantly affected the growth of leave and tender shoots of M.oleifera,and N0.28P0.33K0.17 was the best treatment under the experimental conditions.

关 键 词：辣木 施肥用量 生长 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S794[农业科学—林木遗传育种]