重庆市部分区县6~17岁儿童青少年维生素D营养状况及相关因素分析  

Vitamin D status of children and adolescents aged 6-17 and its influence factors in some districts and counties,Chongqing

作　　者：陈京蓉[1] 赵怡楠[1] 张洁[1] 田渝[2] 李群英 龙诚[1] CHEN Jing-rong;ZHAO Yi-nan;ZHANG Jie;TIAN Yu;LI Qun-ying;LONG Cheng(Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400042,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042 [2]重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第1期50-54,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2018MSXM083)。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市6~17岁儿童青少年维生素D营养状况,分析维生素D不足的影响因素,为后续研究和营养改善措施提供科学依据。方法 2016—2017年,应用多阶段随机抽样的方法在重庆市3个农村点和3个城市点,抽取约1 513名6~17岁儿童青少年,开展问卷调查和实验室检测,采用SPSS 25.0进行统计分析。结果调查学生血清维生素D的均值为17.13 ng/ml,维生素D不足率为61.27%,缺乏率为9.32%,二元logistic回归分析发现,女生(OR=2.260,P<0.0001)、贫困农村(OR=3.251,P<0.001)、大城市(OR=3.920,P<0.001)、户外活动时间不足30分钟(OR=1.884,P<0.05)、年龄在12~17岁的学生较容易出现维生素D不足,每天吃鱼类、蛋类每天摄入30克及以上可以降低维生素D不足的风险。结论重庆市6~17岁儿童青少年维生素D不足较普遍,建议通过鼓励学生户外活动、合理饮食、必要时使用营养强化食品或营养强化剂等手段改善。Objective To examine the vitamin D status of children and adolescents aged between 6-17 years old in Chongqing,to analysis the influence factors of vitamin D deficiency,and to provide scientific bases for following studies and nutritional improvement measures.Methods From 2016 to 2017,a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 1513 children and adolescents aged 6-17 in 3 rural and 3 urban locations in Chongqing.Questionnaire survey and laboratory testing were conducted,and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0.Results The mean of serum vitamin D level was 17.13 ng/ml,the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and severe deficiency were 61.27%and 9.32%,respectively.Binary logistic regression analysis found that girls(OR=2.260,P<0.0001),students from poor rural countries(OR=3.251,P<0.001)and large city(OR=3.920,P<0.001),those with less than 30 minutes outdoor activities(OR=1.884,P<0.05),and aged 12-17 years had higher risk for vitamin D deficiency.Eating fish and 30 grams or more eggs a day could reduce the risk of vitamin D deficiency.Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is common among children aged between 6-17 years old in Chongqing,measures like encouraging students to take outdoor activities,eating properly,and using nutritionally fortified foods or nutrition fortifiers when necessary are recommended to improve the status.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 维生素D 影响因素 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]