伊朗荒漠化及其防治研究  

Desertification and control in Iran

作　　者：刘开琳[1] 李菁菁[1] 刘淑娟[1] 刘虎俊[1] 袁宏波[1] 陈芳[1] 万翔[1] 王明国 Liu Kailin;Li Jingjing;Liu Shujuan;Liu Hujun;Yuan Hongbo;Chen Fang;Wan Xiang;Wang Mingguo(Gansu Desert Control Research Institute&State Key Laboratory of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所&甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室-省部共建培育基地,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《环境与发展》2020年第12期198-200,共3页Environment & Development

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划项目(18YF1WA020);甘肃省林业和草原科技创新项目——中西亚国家荒漠化防治与治理技术合作研究共同资助。

摘　　要：与其他干旱和半干旱国家一样,伊朗最大的环境问题之一就是土地荒漠化,自20世纪30-60年代伊朗部分地区正式确认为荒漠化,从20世纪50年代后期开始当地政府就采取了措施来防治荒漠化。本文概述了伊朗荒漠化状况、伊朗沙漠化的成因,主要是气候因素、人口压力、过度开发水资源和过度放牧这四个因素,以及伊朗防治荒漠化的三个主要干预措施,即沙丘固定(油膜喷施、防风设施、生物措施)、管理荒漠化的立法框架和荒漠化研究,防治荒漠化措施对当地社会和经济产生了许多积极效果。Like other arid and semi-arid countries,one of the biggest environmental problems in Iran that is land desertification.From 1930 s to 1960 s,some parts of Iran were officially recognized as desertification.Since the late 1950 s,the local government has taken measures to prevent and control desertification.This paper was summarized the situation of desertification in Iran,the main causes of desertification in Iran are climate factors,population pressure,over exploitation of water resources and over grazing as well as the three main intervention measures to prevent and control desertification in Iran,i.e.sand dune fixation(oil film spraying,windbreak facilities,biological measures),legislative framework for desertification management,desertification research and desertification control measures.It had produced many positive effects on local society and economy.

关 键 词：伊朗 荒漠化现状 荒漠化防治研究 成果 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]