长沙市大学生注意缺陷多动障碍及影响因素  

Prevalence and risk factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among college students in Changsha

作　　者：陈琳[1] 许诗玮 罗学荣[2] CHEN Lin;XU Shiwei;LUO Xuerong(First Clinical College of Changsha Medical University,Changsha 410219,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]长沙医学院第一临床学院,湖南410219 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院精神科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第12期1856-1858,1862,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究优秀青年项目(19B070)。

摘　　要：目的了解长沙市大学生注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)的现况,为有效干预ADHD提供参考。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对长沙市2所大学共8080名学生采用自编一般情况问卷、中文版文德犹他ADHD成人评定量表、世界卫生组织(WHO)成人ADHD自评量表v1.1症状自评量表和中文网络成瘾量表(CIAS-R)进行问卷调查,对筛查结果进行统计。结果大学生ADHD检出率为7.2%。单因素分析显示,ADHD的发生在性别、躯体以及精神疾病史、精神疾病家族史、与母亲/父亲关系、吸烟、饮酒和网络成瘾等方面差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为17.68,22.25,43.15,20.73,18.61,43.05,22.81,53.55,719.65,P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄小、精神疾病史、饮酒频繁、网络成瘾与ADHD发生均呈正相关,而性别(女性)和与父亲相处和睦与大学生ADHD发生呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。结论大学生中ADHD不容忽视,发生的影响因素较多,与罹患过精神类疾病、饮酒和网络成瘾行为相关,可采取多种措施开展针对性的干预。Objective To explore the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and its associated factors among college students in Changsha,so as to provide evidence of for effecive intervention of ADHD.Methods A total of 8080 students from two universities in Changsha were investigated with self-designed general situation questionnaire,Chinese version of Wende Utah adult rating scale for ADHD,World Health Organization(WHO)Adult ADHD Scale(ASRS)and Chinese Internet Scale(CIAS-R).Results The self-report rate of ADHD was 7.2%.Single factor analysis showed that the incidence of ADHD in gender,physical and mental illness history,family history of mental illness,relationship with parents,smoking,drinking and Internet access were statistically significont(χ2=17.68,22.25,43.15,20.73,18.61,43.05,22.81,53.55,719.65,P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that the younger the age,mental illness,drinking,the higher the degree of Internet dependence were positively correlated with ADHD,while gender(female)and harmony with father were negatively correlated with ADHD.Conclusion ADHD in college students can't be ignored.There are many influencing factors,suffering from mental illness,drinking and Internet addiction.

关 键 词：注意力缺陷障碍伴多动 精神卫生 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学] R748[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]