挡肩式车钩自由摆角对重载机车制动安全性能的影响  

Influence of Free Angle of Coupler with Restoring Bump Stop on the Braking Safety of Heavy Haul Locomotive

作　　者：何永强 陈章 周坤 王开云[2] 吕凯凯[2] 周义昌 HE Yongqiang;CHEN Zhang;ZHOU Kun;WANG Kaiyun;LV Kaikai;ZHOU Yichang(State Key Laboratory of Heavy Duty AC Drive Electric Locomotive Systems Integration,Zhuzhou 412001,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]大功率交流传动电力机车系统集成国家重点实验室,湖南株洲412001 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [3]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《机械》2020年第12期22-27,共6页Machinery

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(51825504);大功率交流传动电力机车系统集成国家重点实验室开放课题(2017ZJKF07)。

摘　　要：对于采用挡肩式车钩的机车而言,较大的车钩自由摆角将产生过大的横向分力,威胁机车的行车安全性。本文对挡肩式车钩的稳钩机理进行了理论分析,建立了重载机车动力学模型和挡肩式102车钩的动力学模型,计算分析了在车钩自由摆角为6°、7°、8°时的车钩稳定性与机车安全性,并研究了二系悬挂横向刚度对车钩稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,在纵向压钩力作用下,车钩自由摆角为6°、7°时重载机车可满足直线运行安全要求;当车钩自由摆角为8°、纵向压钩力为1200 kN时,由于车钩挡肩力过大,车钩出现失稳现象;适当增大机车二系悬挂横向刚度,可提高车钩稳定性与机车行车安全性。For locomotive using the coupler with restoring bump stop,larger coupler free angle will cause excessive lateral force,which affects the running stability of locomotive.The stabilizing mechanism of coupler was analyzed in this paper.A dynamic simulation model of heavy haul locomotive as well as 102 coupler with restoring bump stop was built to study the coupler stability and locomotive running safety with the coupler free angle equaling 6,7 and 8 degrees respectively.The simulation results show that the locomotive service requirement is satisfied on straight track under the longitudinal pressure when coupler free angles equal to 6 and 7 degrees.When the coupler free angle is 8 degrees and the longitudinal pressure is 1200 kN,the coupler instability occurs,which is caused by the overlarge coupler shoulder force.The coupler stability and locomotive running safty would be improved by increasing the lateral stiffness of secondary suspension appropriately.

关 键 词：重载机车 挡肩式车钩 行车安全性 车钩自由摆角 二系悬挂横向刚度 

分 类 号：U292.921[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]