孔子孝道思想的理性意蕴  

Rational Connotation in Confucius’Thought of Filial Piety

作　　者：陈以凤[1] CHEN Yi-feng(Department of Information Liaison, Confucius Institute, Qufu 273100, China)

机构地区：[1]孔子研究院信息联络部,山东曲阜273100

出　　处：《唐都学刊》2021年第1期100-106,共7页Tangdu Journal

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划项目:“礼与俗:儒家礼仪的内在精神与现代传承”(17CZXJ04)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：先秦时期,孔子承继上古孝伦理,并进行了创新性发展,构建了儒家孝道之根基。他提出事亲以礼,强调行孝过程中的“敬”,要求情理兼具,以礼规孝;将孝与义相结合,主张父子各安其位,行孝合乎义,以义约孝;同时倡导人子事亲该“隐”则“隐”、该“谏”则“谏”,于行孝中实现“隐亲”和“谏亲”的辩证统一。孔子孝道思想既有情感的需求,亦有理性的面向,内含着高度鲜明的理性意蕴。而《论语》中受后人诟病的“无违”“父父、子子”“子为父隐”等语实则都有其特定语境,内涵深刻,绝非“愚孝”之论。In the Pre-Qin period,Confucius inherited the ethics of filial piety from the ancient times,made innovative development,and established the foundation of Confucian filial piety.Confucius advocated that children should serve their parents with etiquette,emphasizing children’s respect to their parents and requiring both emotion and reason with filial piety restricted by etiquette.Confucius combined the filial piety with righteousness,advocating that the father and the son should be in their respective positions,so the son should serve his parents according to etiquette and the filial piety should be regulated by etiquette.Meanwhile,he advocated that the son should learn to keep silent and be open to ideas whenever necessary,realizing the dialectical unity of silence and advice in the process of filial piety.Therefore,Confucius’thought of filial piety had both emotional need and rational demand,having a highly distinctive rational connotation.However,the words and phrases such as“no violation”,“the father and the son should go their respective way”and“shielding kinsfolk’s crime”in the Analects,criticized by later generations,though,actually have their own specific contexts and profound connotations instead of“blind filial piety”.

关 键 词：孔子 孝道思想 礼 理性意蕴 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]