北京市常见绿化树种蒸腾特性与温湿效益研究  

Transpiration Characteristics and Temperature&Humidity Benefits of Common Greening Tree Species in Beijing

作　　者：殷亦佳 陈启航 赵芮 孙苗 陈莉祺 李飞[1] 于晓南[1] YIN Yi-jia;CHEN Qi-hang;ZHAO Rui;SUN Miao;CHEN Li-qi;LI Fei;YU Xiao-nan(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2021年第1期31-36,76,共7页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：北京市自然基金项目(8172034)。

摘　　要：研究了12种北京市居住区常见绿化树种蒸腾特性,并以此估量其对于周围环境降温增湿的能力,旨在量化园林绿化树种的生态效益,为城市居住区绿化植物的选择和配置提供参考依据。结果表明,12个树种蒸腾速率日变化曲线多呈单峰或双峰曲线,基本呈现出早晚低、午间前后高的特点,单日内平均蒸腾速率值最高的为旱柳;除个别树种外,供试树种蒸腾速率与净光合速率、气孔导度、光合有效辐射呈极显著正相关,与叶片温度、气温等呈显著正相关,与胞间CO2浓度呈极显著负相关;单位叶面积和单位土地面积的降温增湿能力最强的树种为旱柳,榆叶梅和一球悬铃木在12个树种中居于前列;水分利用效率最高的为金银木、紫丁香。The transpiration and water consumption characteristics of 12 common greening tree species in Beijing residential areas were studied,from which the capabilities of cooling and humidifying of these tree species were estimated.The purpose of this study was to quantify the ecological benefits of garden greening tree species,and to provide a reference for the selection and configuration of green plants in urban residential areas.The research results showed that the diurnal variation curves of the transpiration rates of the 12 tree species were mostly unimodal or bimodal,and basically showed the characteristics of low in the morning and evening,and high around noon.Except for individual tree species,the transpiration rates of the tested tree species were extremely,significantly and positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and photosynthetically active radiation,while were also significantly and positively correlated with both leaf temperature and air temperature,and extremely,significantly and negatively correlated with intercellular CO2 concentration.Salix matsudana had the strongest cooling and humidifying capabilities per leaf area and per land area,while Prunus triloba and Platanus occidentalis also ranked among the top in 12 tree species.Water use efficiencies of Lonicera maackii and Syringa oblata were the highest.

关 键 词：绿化树种 蒸腾作用 降温增湿 生态效益 

分 类 号：S731[农业科学—林学]