新冠肺炎流行期中学生从医意愿及相关因素  

Willingness to engage in medical care and related factors among middle school students during the COVID-19 epidemic

作　　者：闵鸿杰 陈景旭[2] 周双桨[2] 张立刚[2] 苏允爱[1] MIN Hongjie;CHEN Jingxu;ZHOU Shuangjiang;ZHANG Ligang;SU Yun’ai(Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),北京100083 [2]北京回龙观医院北京大学回龙观临床医学院,北京100096

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2021年第2期172-176,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:了解中学生在新冠肺炎流行期间的从医意愿及其相关因素。方法:在2020年3月8日-15日对全国8078名12~18岁的中学生进行在线问卷调查。采用自编调查表进行从医意愿及原因调查,患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)用于抑郁症状的筛查,广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)用于焦虑症状的筛查,社会支持评定量表(SSRS)用于评估个体的社会支持水平。结果:新冠疫情期间中学生有从医意愿者比率为55.1%,前3位原因分别为职业价值高、对医学感兴趣、职业受人尊重,其中29.8%的中学生在疫情爆发后由无从医意愿转为有从医意愿。无从医意愿前3位原因分别为对医学不感兴趣、工作压力大、工作忙而休息时间少。Logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=1.31,P<0.001)、居住在城市(OR=1.14,P<0.05)、高(OR=2.70,P<0.001)或中(OR=1.48,P<0.001)社会支持水平与中学生较高的从医意愿关联;高中(OR=0.60,P<0.001)、抑郁症状(OR=0.74,P<0.001)与中学生较低的从医意愿关联。结论:新冠肺炎流行期间,中学生有从医意愿的占比超过半数,女性、居住在城市、社会支持水平较高的中学生从医意愿较高,高中生、伴有抑郁症状的中学生从医意愿较低。Objective:To investigate the willingness to engage in medical care and its influencing factors among middle school students during the COVID-19 epidemic in China.Methods:An online questionnaire survey among 8,078 middle school students aged 12 to 18 nationwide was conducted from March 8 to 15,2020.Students were assessed by self-compiled questionnaire on the willingness to engage in medical care and reasons.Students were screened for depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms by using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7),respectively.The Social Support Rate Scale(SSRS)was used to assess the level of social support.Results:During the COVID-19 epidemic,the proportion of middle school students with the willingness to engage in medical care was 55.1%(4449/8078).Its top three reasons were high occupational value,interest in medicine and respected occupation.Among them,29.8%(2411/8078)switched the willingness from no to yes after the outbreak of COVID-19.The proportion of middle school students without the willingness was 44.9%(3629/8078).Its top three reasons were lack of interest in medicine,high work pressure,busy with work and little rest time.Logistic regression analysis showed that females(OR=1.31,P<0.001),urban residents(OR=1.14,P<0.05),high(OR=2.70,P<0.001)and medium(OR=1.48,P<0.001)levels of social support were related to the higher willingness to engage in medical care,while high school(OR=0.60,P<0.001),depressive symptoms(OR=0.74,P<0.001)were related to the lower willingness.Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic,female students,those living in urban area and with higher levels of social support are more likely to have the willingness to engage in medical care,while high school students and those with depressive symptoms have lower willingness.

关 键 词：中学生 从医意愿 抑郁症状 社会支持 新冠肺炎 

分 类 号：B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]