声音时延测量的数字电路实现与应用  

Digital Circuit Implementation and Application of Acoustic Time Delay Measurement

作　　者：刘永存 贺慧勇 LIU Yong-cun;HE Hui-yong(Hunan Province Higher Education Key Laboratory of Modeling and Monitoring on the Near-Earth Electromagnetic Environments,Changsha 410114,China;Laboratory of Vibration and Noise,School of Physics and Electronic Sciences,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;School of Physics and Electronic Sciences,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]近地空间电磁环境监测与建模湖南省普通高校重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [2]长沙理工大学物理与电子科学学院振动与噪声实验室,湖南长沙410114 [3]长沙理工大学物理与电子科学学院,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《仪表技术与传感器》2020年第12期114-118,共5页Instrument Technique and Sensor

摘　　要：针对基于麦克风阵列的声源定位系统中声音时间延迟测量问题,提出一种互相关法测量声音时延的纯数字电路实现方案。使用微机电系统(MEMS)数字麦克风作为声音传感器采集两路声音信号,利用硬件描述语言Verilog在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)中完成互相关算法数字电路实现。分别在Matlab和FPGA中测试验证声音时延测量结果,并将此方案应用于实际声源定位系统中。实际测试结果表明,设计的时延测量电路能快速地得出声音信号的时延值,且测得的声音时延满足声源定位系统对时延的要求,系统声源定位效果良好。For the problem of acoustic time delay measurement in acoustic source location based on microphone array,a pure digital circuit implementation scheme based on cross-correlation method to measure acoustic time delay is proposed.This scheme uses micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS)digital microphones as sound sensor to acquire two acoustic signals,and uses the hardware description language Verilog to implement the cross-correlation algorithm digital circuit in the field programmable gate array(FPGA).The acoustic time delay measurement results were tested and verified in Matlab and FPGA respectively.The scheme has been used in the actual acoustic source location system.The actual test results show that the designed acoustic time delay measurement circuit can quickly obtain the time delay of the acoustic signal,and the measured acoustic delay meet the time delay requirement of the acoustic source localization system,and the scheme is applied to the acoustic source location system with good effect.

关 键 词：声音传感器 微机电系统数字麦克风 麦克风阵列 互相关法 声音时间延迟 声源定位 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]