食管癌高危人群食管癌及癌前病变状况  

Analysis of esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions in high-risk groups of esophageal cancer

作　　者：张娟[1] 魏东华[1] 尹惠萍 马艳玲 ZHANG Juan;WEI Dong-hua;YIN Hui-ping;MA Yan-ling(Anhui Cancer Hospital,Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省肿瘤医院,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《泰山医学院学报》2021年第1期10-12,共3页Journal of Taishan Medical College

基　　金：国家重点研发计划精准医学研究重点专项(2016YFC0901400)。

摘　　要：目的了解食管癌高危人群食管癌及癌前病变的分布情况,为早诊早治工作提供依据。方法动员合肥市40~74岁城市户籍居民自愿参加癌症危险因素调查和食管癌风险评估,对评估出的食管癌高危人群采取内镜下碘染色及指示性活检进行筛查,并经病理学诊断确诊。结果基底细胞增生检出率为2.95%;鳞状上皮低级别上皮内瘤变检出率为0.35%;鳞状上皮高级别上皮内瘤变检出率为0.09%;食管癌检出率为0.26%。按性别分布分析发现,基底细胞增生男、女检出率分别为4.18%和2.08%,两组检出率之间差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.27,P=0.039);食管癌男女检出率分别为0.63%和0.0%,两组检出率之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.220,P=0.040)。按年龄组分析,基底细胞增生的检出率在各年龄组之间差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.409,P=0.182),60岁~组检出率最高为4.16%;低级别上皮内瘤变检出率在各年龄组之间差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.071,P=0.215),60岁~组检出率最高为0.73%;高级别上皮内瘤变检出率在各年龄组之间差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1.816,P=0.403);食管癌检出率在各年龄组之间差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.025,P=0.992)。结论在食管癌高危人群中存在着相当数量的癌前病变患者,对该部分高危人群进行食管癌内镜筛查并进行癌症综合知识宣传,是做好食管癌二级预防工作的关键。Objective:To study the prevalence of esophageal and precancerous lesions in high risk groups in order to provide evidence for early diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Epidemiological investigation and esophageal cancer risk assessment were conducted among 40-74 years old urban residents of Hefei.Endoscope iodine staining and indicated biopsy screening method were used for high risk of esophageal cancer people,and the pathology confirmed the diagnosis.Results:Basal cell hyperplasia detection rate was 2.95%;Low grade intraepithelial neoplasia of squamous epithelium detection rate was 0.35%;High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of squamous epithelium detection rate was 0.09%;esophageal cancer detection rate was 0.26%.From the gender distribution,Basal cell hyperplasia of male,female detection rates were 4.18%(20/479)and 2.08%(14/672),which had a significant difference between two groups(χ^2=4.27,P=0.039);male and female esophageal cancer detection rates were 0.63%(3/479)and 0.0%(0/479),with a significant difference between two groups(χ^2=4.220,P=0.040).The analysis by age group showed that Basal cell hyperplasia detection rates did not have significant difference among age groups(χ^2=3.409,P=0.182);Low grade intraepithelial neoplasia of squamous epithelium detection rates didn't show significant difference among age groups(χ^2=3.071,P=0.215);High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of squamous epithelium detection rates didn't show significant difference among age groups(χ^2=1.816,P=0.403);esophageal cancer detection rates didn't show significant difference among age groups(χ2=0.025,P=0.992).Conclusion:There are many patients with premalignant lesions in the high risk group of esophageal cancer,and endoscopic screening and comprehensive cancer knowledge propaganda for them is the key in esophageal cancer primary prevention.

关 键 词：食管癌 癌前病变 普查 早诊早治 

分 类 号：R735.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]