基于创造峰值年龄的高校科研人才管理策略漫议  

Faculty Management Based on the Age Dynamics in Scientific Creativity

作　　者：姜国钧[1] 宿文琳 Jiang Guojun;Su Wenlin

机构地区：[1]中南大学公共管理学院,长沙410083 [2]山东省平度市第九中学,青岛266700

出　　处：《现代大学教育》2020年第6期39-45,112,共8页Modern University Education

摘　　要：科学创造的最佳年龄区在25岁到45岁之间,平均创造峰值年龄为40岁。因此,高校应创造条件,让正处在最佳创造年龄区的年轻教师充分发挥他们的创造力;同时,应该加快引进和培养35岁以下的青年教师,弥补现在已经显现的高校后备科研力量不足的缺陷。自然科学家在40岁左右达到创造高峰年龄,而人文学科学者到60岁才达到最高峰。因此,不同学科领域应该有不同的职称评定评价标准;不同领域的科研项目与经费应该向不同的年龄层次倾斜;科研项目管理、科研人员退休等政策也应作相应的调整。创新的困难不断加大,创造峰值年龄也在不断增长;到21世纪末,最佳创造年龄将移至下限45岁。有必要适当放宽人才引进的年龄限制,优先引进和培养复合型人才,建立起团体协同创新的激励机制。Studies have found that scientific creativity peaks between the ages of 25 to 45, and the average age for peak creativity across various fields is 40. Therefore, colleges and universities should recruit plenty of new faculty under age 35 to build a flourish talent pool for scientific research, and at the same time, give full support to faculty members within the age range for peak creativity so as to help them reach their creativity potential. It is also found that researchers in the natural sciences often hit their creativity peak around the age of 40, while those in the humanities tend to peak in their sixties. Taking into consideration these age-related, field-specific variations, we should re-design the performance evaluation criteria, research support policies as well as mandatory retirement age for faculty members in different fields. Last but not least, so-call "peak age" is not fixed but shifting gradually, with 45 being the predicted prime time for researchers at the end of this century. That is to say, future researchers would peak rather late in life, and accordingly, it is necessary to relax the upper age limit for recruiting new faculty in higher education institutions.

关 键 词：创造峰值年龄 最佳创造年龄区 创造力 创造性 科学创造 科学劳动 科研政策 激励机制 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]