Diet drives convergent evolution of gut microbiomes in bamboo-eating species  

作　　者：Guangping Huang Xiao Wang Yibo Hu Qi Wu Yonggang Nie Jiuhong Dong Yun Ding Li Yan Fuwen Wei 

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100101,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China [3]Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center,Beijing,100076,China [4]Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming,650223,China [5]State Key Laboratory of Mycology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100101,China

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2021年第1期88-95,共8页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by grants from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31000000);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31821001,31471992,31970386);the project of Strategic Biological Resources Service Network of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZSSD003)。

摘　　要：Gut microbiota plays a critical role in host physiology and health.The coevolution between the host and its gut microbes facilitates animal adaptation to its specific ecological niche.Multiple factors such as host diet and phylogeny modulate the structure and function of gut microbiota.However,the relative contribution of each factor in shaping the structure of gut microbiota remains unclear.The giant(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)and red(Ailurus styani)pandas belong to different families of order Carnivora.They have evolved as obligate bamboo-feeders and can be used as a model system for studying the gut microbiome convergent evolution.Here,we compare the structure and function of gut microbiota of the two pandas with their carnivorous relatives using 16S rRNA and metagenome sequencing.We found that both panda species share more similarities in their gut microbiota structure with each other than each species shares with its carnivorous relatives.This indicates that the specialized herbivorous diet rather than host phylogeny is the dominant driver of gut microbiome convergence within Arctoidea.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the symbiotic gut microbiota of both pandas possesses a high level of starch and sucrose metabolism and vitamin B12 biosynthesis.These findings suggest a diet-driven convergence of gut microbiomes and provide new insight into host-microbiota coevolution of these endangered species.

关 键 词：gut microbiome METAGENOME convergent evolution starch and sucrose metabolism vitamin B12 giant panda red panda 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]