1+X证书制度下职业教育人才培养模式的变革方向与创新路径  

On Reform Direction and Innovation Path of Talent Training Model of Vocational Education under 1+X Certificate System

作　　者：吴南中[1,2] 谢红 Wu Nanzhong;Xie Hong(Chongqing Radio&TV University,doctoral candidate of Southwest University,Chongqing 400015;Chongqing Research Institute of Education Science,Chongqing 400015)

机构地区：[1]重庆广播电视大学重庆工商职业学院学分银行管理中心 [2]西南大学教育学部,重庆401520 [3]重庆市教育科学研究院职业与成人教育研究所,重庆400015

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2020年第36期22-26,共5页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：2019年度重庆市高等教育教学改革重点研究项目“职教集团背景下高职人才培养改革与实践——以数字创意专业群为例”(192081),主持人:龚芸;2020年度重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学类研究项目“‘1+X’证书制度下中职建筑专业人才培养模式研究”(20SKGH366),主持人:谢红;2019年重庆市社会科学规划培育项目“‘立德树人’目标下重庆高职美育发展策略研究”(2019PY59),主持人:罗湲。

摘　　要：从1+X证书制度视角审视现存职业教育人才培养模式可以发现,职业教育培养目标“短视”问题突出,学习者技能发展受到压抑,培养过程刻板单一,优秀学习者难以脱颖而出。职业教育人才培养模式优化的方向是:拓宽基础,支持职业人才的人本发展和长远发展;承认差异,支持职业人才的个性发展和多元发展;拓展发展路径,支持培养方法的灵活多样与选择差异;摆脱“纸笔评价”桎梏,引导教学过程关注职业复杂任务。要落实1+X证书制度下的职业教育人才培养模式,需要凸显学习者的主体性地位,以重塑人才培养目标,形成突出学习者复合型能力培养的人才培养整体思路,按照1+X证书制度的逻辑重构课程体系,强化复合型人才能力养成的教与学过程,夯实1+X证书制度下人才培养模式实践的支持性条件,稳步推进职业教育开放入学和加快实现学分转换。A review of the existing talent training model of vocational education from the perspective of the 1+X certificate system reveals that the vocational education training goal is shortsighted.And the development of learners’skills is suppressed.The training process is rigid and single,and it is difficult for excellent learners to stand out.The optimal direction of the talent training model of vocational education is to broaden the foundation to support the humanistic and long-term development of vocational talents,acknowledge differences to support the individual and diversified development of vocational talents,expand development paths to support flexible and diverse training methods and differences in selection,and get rid of the shackles of written evaluation to guide the teaching process to focus on complex professional tasks.To implement the talent training model of vocational education under the 1+X certificate system,it is necessary to highlight the subject status of learners so as to reshape the goal of talent training,form an overall idea of talent training that highlights the cultivation of learners’compound abilities,reconstruct the curriculum system according to the logic of 1+X certificate system,strengthen the teaching and learning process of compound talent development,consolidate the supporting conditions for the practice of talent training mode under the 1+X certificate system,as well as steadily promote the open admission of vocational education and speed up the conversion of credits.

关 键 词：职业技能等级证书 1+X证书制度 人才培养模式 复合型能力 学习者主体性地位 

分 类 号：G719.2[文化科学—职业技术教育学]