产业政策推动了技术创新吗?——基于我国移动通信技术发展的分析  

Does Industrial Policy Drive Technological Innovation?--Analysis based on the Development of Mobile CommunicationTechnology in China

作　　者：何建洪[1] 赵慧祺 崔雨晴 王淞立 李雨桐 He Jianhong;Zhao Huiqi;Cui Yuqing;Wang Songli;Li Yutong(School of Economics and Management,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学经济管理学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《创新科技》2020年第12期1-14,共14页Innovation science and technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目“后追赶阶段我国企业面向先进制造业的技术赶超研究”(18BGL039)。

摘　　要：以我国移动通信技术创新为对象,应用K-Means和层次聚类对产业政策进行文本分析,并应用显性技术优势指数(RTA)和变异系数(CV)刻画技术创新效果,剖析了我国移动通信技术中产业政策与自主创新成果间的联系与作用机理。结果表明,在特定技术领域及技术演化的不同阶段,不同类别的政策及其组合驱动技术创新的效果存在显著差异,其中,在技术演化轨迹确定、资金等生产要素充分的情境下,政策的排他性保护、反垄断干预与引资性培育促进通信技术创新效果最为显著;而税收优惠的创新驱动效果不显著,通过政府补贴刺激创新甚至可能出现抑制效应。本文的研究表明,产业政策在特定领域中对技术创新的刺激是有效的,同时表明即使在特定领域中,产业政策在技术发展的不同阶段其作用效果也存在显著差异。这对我国在制造业关键核心技术和通用共性技术等特定领域制定实施激励性产业政策、有效参与全球前沿技术竞争具有重要的启示意义。With the mobile communication technological innovation as the object,using K-Means and hierarchical clustering methods,text analysis on the industrial policies was carried out,and the relationship and mechanism of action between the industrial policy and independent innova⁃tion achievements in China's mobile communication technology were analyzed,by using the re⁃vealed technology advantage index(RTA)and coefficient of variation(CV)to characterize the ef⁃fect of technological innovation.The results showed that there were significant differences in the effects of different types of policies and their combinations in driving technological innovation in specific technical fields at different stages of technological evolution.Among them,in the con⁃text of certain technological evolution track and sufficient capital and other production factors,government’s exclusive protection,anti-monopoly intervention and investment cultivation had the most significant effects in promoting communication technological innovation;while the inno⁃vation-driven effect of tax incentives was inapparent,and stimulating innovation through govern⁃ment subsidies may even have a restraining effect.The research in this article showed that indus⁃trial policy was effective in stimulating technological innovation in specific field.At the same time,it showed that even in a specific field,the effect of industrial policy at different stages of technological development was significantly different.This has important enlightenment signifi⁃cance for our country to formulate incentive industrial policies in specific areas such as key man⁃ufacturing technologies and general common technologies,and to effectively participate in global cutting-edge technology competition.

关 键 词：产业政策 显性技术优势指数(RTA) 移动通信技术 创新 聚类分析 

分 类 号：F273[经济管理—企业管理]