人工湿地去除养殖废水中磺胺类抗生素的影响因素研究进展  

A Review on the Factors Affecting the Removal of Sulfonamides from Breeding Wastewater in Constructed Wetlands

作　　者：李泽兵[1,2] 韩飞[2] 曾圣男 谢馥芳 叶培 孙占学 Li Zebing;Han Fei;Zeng Shengnan;Xie Fufang;Ye Pei;Sun Zhanxue(State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Water Resources&Environmental Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;Jiangxi Wufeng Science&Technology of Livestock Raising Co.Ltd.,Ganzhou 341905,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院,南昌330013 [3]江西五丰畜牧科技有限公司,赣州341905

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2020年第5期49-58,共10页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-国际(地区)合作研究项目(51861145308);国家自然科学基金-青年基金(51408112);省部共建核资源与环境国家重点实验室开放基金(NRE1407);赣州市科技局2017年星火计划。

摘　　要：总结了近年来人工湿地去除养殖废水中磺胺类抗生素(sulfonamides,SAs)的研究成果,比较了环境pH、SAs的亲疏水性、湿地基质、植物、微生物以及环境条件等因素对人工湿地处理效果的影响。大量研究结果表明,人工湿地对于典型的SAs,包括磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲嘧啶和磺胺甲恶唑等都有显著的去除效果。在酸性环境条件下,SAs呈阳离子形态,湿地基质的阳离子与SAs间发生阳离子交换,然后吸附去除。在中性或碱性条件下,SAs呈中性或阴离子形态,湿地基质或土壤中的有机质极性基团(酚羟基和羧基等)与SAs间依靠氢键作用和范德华作用键合。随后,在植物根系分泌物或腐殖质等的促进作用下,湿地中的厌氧或好氧微生物氧化分解SAs转化为氨、甲烷、CO 2和H 2 O等,最终实现SAs的彻底去除。在未来的研究中,可应用包括宏基因组和代谢组学等分子生物学分析方法解析SAs的完整代谢途径,优化湿地系统的运行管理。应用包含多种基质和多种植物的复合湿地作为抗生素的深度处理系统,其多样化的转化途径将更有利于湿地去除废水中不断更替的抗生素类型。This article summarizes the recent research results on the removal of sulfonamides(SAs)from aquaculture wastewater by constructed wetlands,and compares the effects of environmental pH,SAs hydrophobicity,wetland substrates,plants,microorganisms,and environmental conditions on the treatment efficiency of constructed wetlands.A large number of research results show that the constructed wetlands have significant removal effects on typical SAs including sulfadiazine,sulfamethoxine and sulfamethoxazole.Under acidic environmental conditions,SAs are in the form of cations,which will exchange with the cations of wetland substrates and then be removed by adsorption.Under neutral or alkaline conditions,SAs are neutral or anionic,and the removal of SAs depend on their hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interaction with organic polar groups(phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups)in the wetland matrix or soil.Subsequently,under the promotion of plant root exudates or humus,anaerobic or aerobic microorganisms in wetlands decompose SAs into ammonia,methane,CO 2,H 2 O,etc.,and finally complete the removal of SAs.In future,molecular biology analysis methods including metagenomics and metabolomics can be used to analyze the complete metabolic pathways of SAs and optimize the operation and management of wetland systems.The application of a compound wetland containing multiple substrates and multiple plants would be feasible as a deep treatment system for antibiotics,and its diversified transformation pathways will be more conducive to the removal of different antibiotics in wastewater.

关 键 词：SAS 人工湿地 养殖废水 PH 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]