4种多环芳烃对虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)幼体的急性毒性研究  

Acute Toxicity of Four PAHs to Larva of Patinopecten yessoensis

作　　者：刘帅 刘欢 魏海峰 赵肖依[1,2,3] 宋雪 Liu Shuai;Liu Huan;Wei Haifeng;Zhao Xiaoyi;Song Xue(Key Laboratory of Coastal Marine Environmental Science and Technology of Liaoning Province,Dalian 116023,China;School of Marine Science and Environmental Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Mariculture&Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省近岸海洋环境科学与技术重点实验室,大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,大连116023 [3]大连海洋大学,农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,大连116023

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2020年第5期352-360,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅服务地方项目(DL201804);国家海洋局海洋溢油鉴别与损害评估技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(201309,201809);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室基金资助项目(201013);大连海洋大学农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室基金资助项目(2018-KF-21)。

摘　　要：为探究苯并[a]芘、三甲基菲、二甲基蒽和惹烯对海洋生物的毒性作用,以虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)为受试生物,采用半静水式实验方式,探讨了4种多环芳烃(PAHs)对虾夷扇贝幼体的毒性效应。在不同浓度的苯并[a]芘、三甲基菲、二甲基蒽和惹烯作用下,观察虾夷扇贝的卵子受精率和幼体死亡率。结果表明,PAHs实验组与对照组相比,卵子的受精率显著降低,幼体死亡率显著增加,与PAHs浓度之间存在剂量-效应关系(P<0.05)。苯并[a]芘对虾夷扇贝幼体在9、24和48 h的半致死浓度(LC 50)分别为252.75、115.85和48.13 mg·L-1,二甲基蒽对虾夷扇贝幼体在9、24和48 h的LC 50分别为529.57、206.46和68.42 mg·L-1,三甲基菲对虾夷扇贝幼体在9、24和48 h的LC 50分别为440.28、290.72和92.40 mg·L-1,惹烯对虾夷扇贝幼体在9、24和48 h的LC 50分别为162.92、129.51和63.97 mg·L-1。4种PAHs的安全浓度(SC)分别为2.49、2.25、2.80和4.68 mg·L-1,其毒性大小顺序为苯并[a]芘>惹烯>二甲基蒽>三甲基菲。同时,借助定量构效关系(QSAR)的研究结果对PAHs化合物毒性原理进行了初步讨论。本实验为评估PAHs对海洋生物安全的风险提供了参考依据。In order to study the ecotoxicological impact of marine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)pollutants on Patinopecten yessoensis,the toxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene,1,9,10-trimethylphenanthrene,9,10-dimethylanthracene and retene on larva of Patinopecten yessoensis were investigated under semi-static conditions.The effects of benzo[a]pyrene,1,9,10-trimethylphenanthrene,9,10-dimethylanthracene and retene on the ovum fertilization rate and infant mortality were observed in different concentrations.The results showed that compared with the control group,the ovum fertilization rate and the infant mortality in the treatment groups with high concentrations of PAHs was significantly decreased,which had a significant dose-effect relationship with the treatment concentration(P<0.05).The median lethal concentration(LC 50)of benzo[a]pyrene on infant of Patinopecten yessoensis at 9,24 and 48 h was 252.75,115.85 and 48.13 mg·L-1.The LC 50 of 9,10-dimethylanthracene was 529.57,206.46 and 68.42 mg·L-1 at 9,24 and 48 h;the LC 50 of 1,9,10-trimethylphenanthrene was 440.28,290.72 and 92.40 mg·L-1 at 9,24 and 48 h;the LC 50 of retene was 162.92,129.51 and 63.97 mg·L-1 at 9,24 and 48 h,respectively.The safe concentrations(SC)of four PAHs were 2.49,2.25,2.80 and 4.68 mg·L-1,respectively.The toxicity of four PAHs followed as benzo[a]pyrene>retene>9,10-dimethylanthracene>1,9,10-trimethylphenanthrene.In this paper,the mechanism of PAHs toxicity was discussed by quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR).This experiment provides the scientific data for predicting the risk of PAHs to marine biological safety.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 虾夷扇贝 毒性作用 LC 50 QSAR 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]