朱熹仕隐心态探微  

A Probe into Zhu Xi’s Mindset of Being an Official and Retiring from Politics

作　　者：陈必应 郝永[1] CHEN Bi-ying;HAO Yong(School ofChinese Language and Literature,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学文学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《集美大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第1期93-99,136,共8页Journal of Jimei University：Philosophy and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(19FZXB067)。

摘　　要：朱熹生七十一年,五十年间历事四朝,有着坎坷曲折的入仕经历。又因其思想构成复杂,儒、佛、老皆有所影响,且受其“公体正用,体用如一”公正思想的影响,朱熹仕隐心态也较时人有所不同:在“达”与“穷”之变中追求“公”与“正”的实现,既有兼济天下的抱负,又有独善其身的修养;在“仕”与“隐”的矛盾中坚持“公心”“正理”的原则,而儒者情怀与佛老思想的出入亦深深影响其仕隐观念;在“进”与“退”的经历中,逐渐构建起其进尽人臣之责、退求一心之安的仕隐心态。Zhu Xi experienced four dynasties in the 50 years,and died at the age of 71.He underwent a lot of hardships in his political career.And his mindset of serving as an official and retiring from political life was different from that of the people at that time,not only because of his complex thoughts influenced by Confucianism,Buddhism and Lao Zi's philosophy,but his own thoughts of justice,which believe that the devotion to the public interests is the essence and should be fulfilled with right⁃eous behaviors.First,he pursued“public fairness”and“righteousness”in the change of“success”and“poverty”.When prosperous,he had an ambition of benefiting the society;in poverty,he still held his self⁃cultivation to a high standard.Sec⁃ond,he stuck to the principle of“devotion to the public interests”and“righteous behaviors”in the contradiction of being offi⁃cial and retirement.And the differences among Confucianism,Buddhism and Lao Zi's thoughts also affected his mentality pro⁃foundly.Third,his mindset was created in the process of“entering the imperial court”when he devoted himself to his work,and“retiring from the official life”when he desired an inner peace.

关 键 词：朱熹 仕隐心态 公正思想 佛老思想 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]