宽幅精播种植模式对水稻根系发育、养分吸收及产量的影响  

Effects of Wide Precision Sowing on Rice Root Growth,Nutrient Absorption and Yield

作　　者：李文博 张猛 宁维光 李如林 冯尚宗 张士荣[4] LI Wenbo;ZHANG Meng;NING Weiguang;LI Rulin;FENG Shangzong;ZHANG Shirong(Big Data and Network Management Center, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Pingdu, Qingdao 266700, China;Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China;College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;Linyi Agricultural Technology Promotion Service Center, Linyi 276004, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学大数据与网络管理中心,山东青岛266109 [2]平度市农业农村局,山东青岛266700 [3]青岛市农业农村局,山东青岛266071 [4]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109 [5]临沂市农业技术推广服务中心,山东临沂276004

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期40-46,共7页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：山东省农业产业体系水稻创新团队栽培与土壤肥料岗位项目(SDAIT-17-05);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2017MC015);农业科技成果视频库项目(2019FW037)。

摘　　要：针对水稻直播导致的生长差、养分利用率低和产量低的问题,采用随机区组设计,设T1至T7共7个处理,研究宽幅精播技术对水稻生长、养分吸收及产量构成的影响。通过对比发现,播种条带3 cm,行距29 cm(T5)处理显著减小水稻第一节间和第二节间长度,增加水稻叶面积指数和秸秆干物质量,改善了根系形态。T5处理水稻糙米、秸秆和根系养分累积量高于其他处理,水稻产量最高为8369.6 kg·hm-2,比传统播种处理提高6.4%。宽幅精播种植模式下适当的行距和条带宽度可以提高水稻的养分累积量和产量,其中条带为3 cm,行距为29 cm时效果最佳。Aiming at the problems of poor growth,low nutrient utilization rate and low yield caused in the process of rice direct seeding,the effects of wide precision sowing technology on rice growth,nutrient absorption and yield were investigated by adopting a random block design and setting up seven treatments(from T1 to T7).Through comparison,it was found that the treatment with a sowing strip of 3 cm and a row spacing of 29 cm significantly reduced the length of first and second internodes of rice,increased the leaf area index and straw dry matter quality,and improved root morphology.The accumulation of nutrients in brown rice,straw and root system in T5 treatment was higher than that in other treatments,and the highest rice yield was 8 369.6 kg·hm^-2,which was 6.4% higher than that of traditional sowing treatment.In conclusion,appropriate row spacing and trip width under the wide precision sowing mode increased the root growth,the nutrient accumulation and yield of rice.The best effect can be achieved when the strip was 3 cm and the row spacing was 29 cm.

关 键 词：水稻 宽幅精播 生长发育 养分吸收 产量 

分 类 号：X14[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S18[农业科学—农业基础科学]