水稻和大豆对重金属Cd的富集效应差异性比较  

On the Difference between Rice and Soybeanin Accumulating the Heavy Meal Cd

作　　者：赵怀敏 李艳[1] 刘丽萍 陶泉宏 胡钰 李芯 官天培[1] ZHAO Huaimin;LI Yan;LIU Liping;TAO Quanhong;HU Yu;LI Xin;GUAN Tianpei(Mianyang Teachers' College/Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratoryof Sichuan Province,Mianyang,Sichuan 621006)

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院/生态安全与保护四川省重点实验室,四川绵阳621006

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2021年第2期60-64,共5页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金：四川农业大学“作物生理生态及栽培四川省重点实验室”开放课题(CNZPST202002);绵阳师范学院平台项目(2013A07);绵阳师范学院研究生创新实践基金资助(CX202006).

摘　　要：水稻和大豆是重要的经济作物,其对重金属的富集特征决定了农产品的安全风险预判.本研究利用涪江流域采集的大豆和水稻植株,测定了不同器官的重金属镉(Cd)含量,通过富集系数、转移系数,分析和比较了重金属Cd在大豆和水稻植株中的分布特征、对Cd的吸收转移能力,重点评价了两种植物可食用部分的Cd含量.结果表明,水稻对镉的富集系数大于大豆,但水稻对镉的转移系数小于大豆,表明水稻对镉的吸收能力比大豆强,镉从水稻根部转移到其他器官的能力比大豆弱.与大豆的可食用部分的Cd含量相比,水稻可食用部分的Cd含量更高.两种作物各器官对重金属Cd的吸收能力不同,大豆中各器官对镉的吸收能力为根>茎>叶>可食用部分;水稻中各器官对镉的吸收能力为根>茎>可食用部分>叶,说明根是大豆和水稻富集镉能力最强的器官.因此,水稻和大豆对受镉轻度污染的土壤有一定修复作用,但从人类健康考虑,受镉污染的土壤,不适合种植水稻供食用.Rice and soybeans are important economic crops,and their concentration characteristics of heavy metals determine the risk to the safety of agricultural products.In this study,the cadmium content of heavy metals(Cd)in different organs was measured using soybean and rice plants taken from the Fujiang River basin,and the distribution characteristics of heavy metal Cd in soybean and rice plants,as well as the absorption and transfer capacity of Cd,were analyzed and compared by the biological concentration factor and the transfer factor.The results show that the enrichment coefficient of cadmium in rice is higher than that of soybeans,but the transfer coefficient of cadmium in rice is smaller than that of soybeans,showing that the ability to absorb cadmium in rice is higher than that of soybeans,and the ability of cadmium to transfer cadmium from the roots of rice to other organs is lower than that of soybeans.Compared with the Cd content of the edible part of soybeans,the Cd content of the edible part of rice is higher.The absorption capacity of the different organs of the two crops to the heavy metal Cd is different,the absorption capacity of each organ in soybeans is:the root>the stalk>the leaf>the edible part,and the absorption capacity of the organs in rice is:the root>the stalk>the edible part>the leaf,in other words,stated the root is the organ with the strongest cadmium-rich capacity of soybeans and rice.Therefore,rice and soybeans have a certain repair effect on soils that are slightly contaminated with cadmium,but considering human health,cadmium-contaminated soil is not suitable for rice cultivation.

关 键 词：镉 水稻 大豆 转运系数 富集系数 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]