基于粒子群算法的转炉用氧节能优化调度  

Optimal scheduling of converter oxygen based on particle swarm optimization

作　　者：孔福林 童莉葛 魏鹏程[1] 张培昆 王立 吴冰[3] 陈恩军 KONG Fu-lin;TONG Li-ge;WEI Peng-cheng;ZHANG Pei-kun;WANG Li;WU Bing;CHEN En-jun(School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction for Metallurgical Industry,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Shougang Jingtang Iron&Steel Co.Ltd.,Tangshan 063200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学冶金工业节能减排北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [3]首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司,唐山063200

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2021年第2期279-288,共10页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB0606104)。

摘　　要：针对钢铁空分企业氧气放散率高、综合能耗高的问题,建立了以减小转炉用氧总量波动和降低系统能耗为目标的转炉用氧调度模型.综合考虑了吹炼区间时长不变、各吹炼区间起始时刻满足工艺要求、钢水温度大于1250℃、转炉用氧调度前后变动最小等约束,以基于整数空间的粒子群(Particle swarm optimization, PSO)算法进行求解.同时,以国内某大型钢铁企业空分厂为案例,采用Pipeline Studio软件建立该厂区氧气管网输配系统模型,对转炉用氧调度的节能优化效果进行了验证.结果表明,本文提出的转炉用氧节能优化调度在研究时间段尽可能安排单台转炉生产,有效降低多台转炉吹氧重叠时间,在生产时间内错峰用氧,减小转炉用氧总量波动,缓解氧气供求不平衡的矛盾.在120 min研究时长内,调度前后系统氧气放散量由1242.1 m^3降低至0,相应的空分系统的电耗节约了1192.42 kW·h,氧压机的压缩能耗增大了41 kW·h,氧气管网输配系统节约总能耗为1151.42 kW·h.综合计算来看,转炉用氧调度应用到全年,预计减少氧气放散总量5.44×10^6 m^3,节约氧气管网输配系统总能耗5.22×10^6 kW·h.The air separation plants of iron and steel enterprises are characterized by a high oxygen-emission rate and high comprehensive energy consumption. To solve this problem, a converter oxygen scheduling model was established based on particle swarm optimization(PSO) with the goal of reducing the fluctuation of the total oxygen consumption and saving system energy consumption in the converter. With the full consideration of constraints, such as the constant duration of blowing intervals, compliant starting time of each blowing interval, molten steel temperature above 1250 ℃, and minimal variation before and after converter scheduling, PSO based on integer space was used to solve the hypothesis. With the air separation plant of a large domestic iron and steel enterprise as a case study, Pipeline Studio software was used to establish the oxygen transmission and distribution model, and the energy-saving performance of the converter oxygen scheduling was verified. The results show that the optimal scheduling of converter oxygen based on PSO can arrange oxygen for a single converter as much as possible during the study period;moreover, the optimal scheduling can effectively reduce the overlapping time of oxygen blowing in multiple converters, reduce the fluctuation of the total oxygen amount, and alleviate the contradiction between oxygen supply and demand. The oxygen emission of the pipeline transmission and distribution system before and after the dispatch is reduced from 1242.1 m^3 to 0 within the 120 min simulation period;the corresponding air separation system oxygen production energy consumption saves 1192.42 k W·h;the compression energy consumption of the oxygen compressor increases by 41 k W·h;and the total energy saving of the system is 1151.42 k W·h. Based on comprehensive calculations, optimal scheduling of converter oxygen based on PSO is applied throughout the year. The oxygen transmission and distribution pipeline system is expected to reduce the total amount of oxygen emission by 5.44×10^6 m^3 and sa

关 键 词：转炉用氧调度 PSO算法 氧气放散 节能 氧气输配管网 多约束 

分 类 号：TF724.4[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]