汉英“斗争”/“Struggle”词类范畴化对比研究  

A Comparative Study on the Categorization of Chinese and English Word of“struggle”

作　　者：董玉双 DONG Yu-shuang(Sichuan International Studies University,Chongqing 400031,China)

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学研究生院,重庆400031

出　　处：《哈尔滨学院学报》2021年第1期129-134,共6页Journal of Harbin University

基　　金：2018年重庆市研究生科研创新项目,项目编号:CYS18268。

摘　　要：文章以双层词类范畴化理论为指导,基于汉语/汉英词典和语料库分别对双音节词“斗争”的词类标注进行探讨。研究发现,汉语词典将“斗争”标为动词,少部分汉英词典将其标注为动名兼类词;且同部词典中存在配例、释义与词类标注不协调等问题。通过两大语料库检索得知,“斗争”名词用法使用频率高,用法广泛。《牛津高阶英语词典》(第9版)中“斗争”的对应词“struggle”被标注为动名兼类词。现代汉语词典在处理兼类问题时不同于现代英语词典的原因主要是汉语词类遵循“简约原则”,但该原则在处理词类问题尤其是概括词的语法多功能现象上会出现偏差,并会导致词典微观结构表征的实践冲突。Guided by the theory of two-level parts of speech categorization,this paper discusses the part of speech tagging of disyllabic word“struggle”based on Chinese/Chinese-English Dictionary and corpus.It is found that“struggle”is labeled as a verb in Chinese dictionaries,while a few Chinese English dictionaries mark it as a verb noun word;and there are some problems in the same dictionary,such as the coordination of examples,interpretation and part of speech tagging.Through the retrieval of the two corpora,it is found that the usage of“struggle”is frequent and extensive.The corresponding word of“struggle”in Oxford Advanced English Dictionary(9 th Edition)is marked as a verb noun word.The main reason why modern Chinese dictionaries are different from modern English dictionaries is that Chinese parts of speech follow the principle of simplicity.However,this principle will lead to deviation in dealing with part of speech problems,especially the grammatical multi-functional phenomenon of general words,and lead to practical conflicts in the representation of micro structure of dictionaries.

关 键 词：斗争 词类范畴 双层词类范畴化理论 兼类 词类标注 

分 类 号：H316[语言文字—英语]