从淄博方言看聊斋俚曲的儿化问题  

On the Erification of LiaozhaiLiqu from Zibo Dialect

作　　者：董绍克[1] Dong Shaoke(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Shandong Normal University,Ji’nan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《现代语文》2020年第10期4-9,共6页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：淄博方言的儿化韵主要有两种类型:一种是张店东部及临淄有卷舌动作的儿化韵;另一种是淄博的南片、西片、西北片虽然没有卷舌动作的儿化韵,却有一种特殊的类似“儿化”的现象。它是通过直接改变韵母读音来实现的,因其较为特殊而被称为淄博式的“儿化韵”。聊斋俚曲儿化韵的表示方法共有三种:一是通过不同韵部的字相互混押来表示,包括“支齐—灰堆”“真文—灰堆”“真文—支齐—灰堆”“寒桓—皆来”诸部;二是利用加儿尾来表示,包括“寒桓韵”“皆来韵”“东青韵”“鱼模韵”“家麻韵”诸部;三是直接用变韵后的同音字表示,包括“𠴆”“啡”二字。在聊斋俚曲儿化韵的读音中,“支齐—灰堆”混押,读作[ei]或[jiei];“真文—灰堆”混押,读作[ei]或[yei];“真文—支齐—灰堆”混押,作读[ei];“寒桓—皆来”混押,读作[ɛ]、[iɛ]、[uɛ]或[yɛ]。用加“儿”尾表示的儿化韵,其读音除“寒桓韵”读[ɛ]外,其余读音基本与普通话相同。This article examines the problem of the erization of LiaozhaiLiqu in three parts.An overview of“erhua rhyme”in Zibo Dialect.There are two types of rhymes in Zibo Dialect.One is the rhyme of tongue rolling in the eastern part of Zhangdian and Linzi.The other is that there is no erhua rhyme of rolling tongue in the south and west and northwest of Zibo,But there is a special phenomenon similar to“erhua”,It is realized by changing the pronunciation of vowels directly.It is called Zibo-style“erhua rhyme”because of its speciality.The expression method of erhua rhyme in LiaozhaiLiqu.There are three types.First,It is represented by the intermixing of characters in different rhymes.It includes“Zhiqi-Huidui”,“Zhenwen-Huidui”,“Zhenwen-Zhiqi-Huidui”and“Hanhuan-Jielai”.Second,Expressed by adding children's tail.It includes“Hanhuan rhyme”,“Jielai rhyme”,“Dongqing rhyme”,“Yumo rhyme”and“Jiama rhyme”.Third,It is directly expressed by the homophone after the rhyme.It includes the words“tui”and“fei”.The phonetic analysis of rhymes in LiaozhaiLiqu.“Zhiqi-Huidui”is read as[ei]or[jiei],“Zhenwen-Huidui”is read as[ei]or[yei],“Zhenwen-Zhiqi-Huidui”is read as[ei],“Hanhuan-Jielai”is a mixed interpretation of[ɛ],[iɛ],[uɛ]or[yɛ].The pronunciation of erhua rhyme with the addition of“er”is basically the same as Putonghua except“Hanhuan rhyme”.

关 键 词：聊斋俚曲 淄博方言 儿化韵 韵部 变读 

分 类 号：H172.1[语言文字—汉语]