基于等效模型的铰制孔螺栓力学设计与优化  

Mechanical Design and Optimization of Hinge Bolt Based on Equivalent Model

作　　者：周夕维 陈腾飞[1] 向华平[1] ZHOU Xiwei;CHEN Tengfei;XIANG Huaping(Nanjing Research Institute of Electronics Technology,Nanjing 210039,China)

机构地区：[1]南京电子技术研究所,江苏南京210039

出　　处：《电子机械工程》2021年第1期14-17,共4页Electro-Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：文中在常规有限元仿真基础上,引入螺栓轴向刚度与剪切刚度,建立了包含简化螺栓模型的系统级有限元模型。通过仿真获得了螺栓的轴向载荷与剪切载荷,计算结果表明,不同螺栓的初始载荷分布严重不均衡。以螺栓轴向载荷方差最小为目标,针对螺栓布局开展优化。优化后的结果表明,螺栓最大承载降低了29.5%,螺栓强度、寿命均满足设计要求。相较于传统螺栓建模的系统级有限元仿真,文中方法减少了有限元建模的工作量和后期计算资源需求,能够快速迭代,获得螺栓优化布局,从而有效降低螺栓件承载的不均衡性,提高连接可靠性。Based on the conventional finite element simulation,the system-level finite element model with simplified bolt model is established by introducing the axial stiffness and shear stiffness of the bolt.The axial loads and shear loads of the bolts are obtained by simulation.The simulation results reveal that the initial loads of different bolts are seriously unbalanced.Minimizing the variance of bolt axial load is selected as the objective to optimize the bolts layout.The optimization results reveal that the maximum load of the bolt is reduced by 29.5%,and both the strength and the life of the bolt satisfy the design requirements.In comparison with the system-level finite element simulation of conventional bolt modeling,this method simplifies the finite element modeling,needs less computational resources,can quickly obtain the optimized bolts layout by iteration.Thus,the unbalance of the bolt loads can be effectively reduced and the connection reliability is improved.

关 键 词：螺栓 等效模型 刚度 优化 

分 类 号：TH131.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]