脑动脉夹层的研究进展  

Research progress of cerebral artery dissection

作　　者：徐丹 尹琳[3] XU Dan;YIN Lin(Department of the Graduate School,Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116044,China;Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Guiyang550004,China;Departmentof Neurology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116027,China)

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学研究生院,辽宁大连116044 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004 [3]大连医科大学附属第二医院神经内科,辽宁大连116027

出　　处：《大连医科大学学报》2020年第6期556-562,565,共8页Journal of Dalian Medical University

摘　　要：脑动脉夹层(cerebral artery dissection,CAD)是中青年人缺血性卒中的原因之一。根据受影响的动脉,CAD可分为颅内动脉夹层(intracranial artery dissection,IAD)及颈部动脉夹层(cervical artery dissection,CeAD)。CeAD可以分为椎动脉夹层(vertebral artery dissection,VAD)及颈内动脉夹层(internal carotid artery aissection,ICAD)。患者可能无症状,可能表现为头痛、颈痛、缺血性卒中、蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)等症状。在欧洲人群中,IAD较CeAD少见,但在儿童和亚洲人群中IAD常见。CAD的危险因素和发病机制不明确,影像学标准不足,临床诊断困难,目前主要通过DSA确诊。CAD的治疗是经验性的,需根据患者的适应证适当选择,目前以抗血栓治疗为主。Cerebral artery dissection(CAD)is considered to be one of the causes of ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged people.CAD is divided into intracranial artery dissection(IAD)and cervical artery dissection(CeAD)according to the location of the affected artery.CeAD can be divided into vertebral artery dissection(VAD)and internal carotid artery dissection(ICAD).Patients may be asymptomatic,or present with headache,neck pain,ischemic stroke,and subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Although intracranial artery dissection is less common in European populations than cervical artery dissection,it is reported that intracranial artery dissection is more common in children and Asian populations.Risk factors and mechanisms remain unclear.Radiological criteria are still insufficient,and clinical diagnosis of CAD is difficult,the diagnosis is mainly made through DSA now.The treatment of cerebral artery dissection is experiential and should be based on the specific indications of patients to choose the appropriate treatment,antithrombotic therapy is the main choice.

关 键 词：脑动脉夹层 流行病学特点 危险因素 临床表现 

分 类 号：R743[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]