基于振动和噪声性能的船用复合材料地板设计  

Design of shipboard composite floor based on vibration and noise performance

作　　者：刘成义 朱学康[1] 叶梦熊[1] 李金成 LIU Chengyi;ZHU Xuekang;YE Mengxiong;LI Jincheng(Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉第二船舶设计研究所,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2020年第S01期74-80,共7页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

摘　　要：[目的]为优化船用地板的声学性能,降低舱内偶发的振动和噪声,提出新型船用复合材料地板的设计方案,并开展相关试验研究。[方法]将测试板的4个角及其4个边的中间部位用螺栓固定,采用钢球跌落试验方法,使用不同重量的钢球从不同高度处向板中心跌落撞击,分别测试传统铝合金花纹板以及2种不同封边形式的复合材料板在受到冲击时产生的机脚振动值和空气噪声值,并量化分析新型复合材料板的减振、降噪效果。[结果]结果显示,在不同重量的钢球从不同高度跌落撞击下,2种封边形式的复合材料板的机脚振动值、空气噪声值均明显低于传统铝合金花纹板,减振、降噪值均超过9 dB,其中不锈钢封边板的效果优于T60阻尼材料封边地板。[结论]2种封边形式的新型复合材料板的声学性能明显优于传统铝合金花纹板,具有较好的推广应用价值。[Objectives]To optimize the acoustic performance of the shipboard floor and reduce accidental vibrations and noise in the cabin,this paper presents new design schemes of shipboard composite floor and carries out relevant experimental research.[Methods]In the experiment,the sample plates were fixed with bolts on each corner and the middle of each edge,a ball-drop impact tests were adopted to investigate the vibrations and noise generated by traditional aluminum-alloy checkered plate and two kinds of new composite plate.Balls of multiple weights were dropped from variable heights to the center of the sample plate.The vibration and noise reduction effects of the new composite plate were analyzed quantitatively.[Results]The results show that the vibrations and air-noise results of the new composite plates are obviously lower than those of the traditional aluminum-alloy checkered plate when they are impacted by the same steel ball at the same height,both see a decrease of more than 9 dB in the different experiments,however,composite plate with steel edge banding can reduce more vibrations and air-noise rather than which with T60 damping material edge banding.[Conclusions]The acoustic performance of new composite plates are clearly better than the traditional aluminum-alloy checkered floor,and deserve better recognition and application.

关 键 词：船舶复合材料地板 撞击试验 减振 降噪 

分 类 号：U661.44[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]