穴盘苗移栽机自动取苗技术研究现状与展望  

Research status and prospect of automatic seedling picking technology of transplanter

作　　者：王宁 任玲[1,2] 李江全 胡海鹏[1] 汪博文 尚晋 Wang Ning;Ren Ling;Li Jiangquan;Hu Haipeng;Wang Bowen;Shang Jin(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,832003,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shihezi,832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]农业农村部西北农业装备重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2021年第1期59-66,共8页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51765059);兵团优秀青年教师项目(CZ027213)。

摘　　要：全自动移栽机可以提高移栽作业的工作效率,降低劳动强度;自动取苗技术作为全自动移栽机研发的关键环节,在促进我国移栽机械的发展方面起着积极的推动作用。通过对比国内外穴盘苗自动取苗技术研究与应用现状,对主要自动取苗技术进行分析归类,总结为移盘固手型、固盘移手型、移盘移手型、移盘顶苗型、移盘吹苗型五种类型,对五种自动取苗技术工作原理分析总结,提出现有自动取苗技术存在的主要问题,给出发展建议。提出我国未来自动取苗技术向着高速、精准的方向发展,移栽机械将向着多功能、一体化的目标研发,为全自动移栽机进一步研究提供参考。Automatic transplanter can improve the efficiency of transplanting operations and reduce labor intensity.As a key link in the research and development of automatic transplanter,automatic picking technology plays an active role in promoting the development of Chinese automatic transplanter.By comparing the research and application status of automatic seedling picking technology at home and abroad,this article analyzes and classifies the main automatic seedling picking technology,and divides them into five types.The types of automatic seedling picking technology mainly include:moving tray fixed hand type,fixed tray moving hand type,moving tray moving hand type,moving tray top seedling type,moving tray blowing seedling type.On the basis of the above classification,this paper analyzes and summarizes the working principle of five kinds of automatic seedling picking technology,puts forward the main problems existing in the current automatic seedling picking technology,and gives suggestions for the future development of the technology.It is proposed that the automatic seedling picking technology will develop in a high-speed and precise direction,and the transplanter will be developed toward the goal of multi-function and integration.It provides a reference for further research of automatic transplanter.

关 键 词：移栽机 穴盘苗 自动取苗技术 取苗控制 

分 类 号：S223.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]