更敦群培旅行文本再解读  

A Reinterpretation of Gendun Chophel's Travel Notes

作　　者：德吉草 De Jicao(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学中国语言文学学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《民族学刊》2020年第6期133-140,182,183,共10页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“一带一路”与藏传佛教发展研究(17ZDA230);国家民委“一带一路”国别和区域研究中心南亚文化研究中心和西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费南亚文化研究中心建设专项资助的《更敦群培斯里兰卡纪行》翻译与研究(2020PTJS06003)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：更敦群培1934年前往印度、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡等南亚国家游学深造,历时12年之久。在南亚期间,他以文化行者的身份和跨文化视角,撰写了《智游列国漫记——金色的疆域》《锡兰纪行》等极具特色的游记,开创了自成一体的旅行文本。历史上藏族学者对以印度、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡为代表的南亚文化的书写和表达多是对异国形象进行想象建构,而更敦群培的旅行文本则重新审视和考察地理接壤、文化互动地带的印度宗教、民俗文化,消解藏人先验印象中南亚形象的思维定势,重新发现本土文化价值,对根深蒂固的印度宗教文化中心主义发起挑战,反思各种文化偏见和历史成见,不断确立他人文主义思想和文化中立心态。隐匿在旅行文本背后的是人类学家的身份和另一种民族志书写范式。Gendun Chophel(1903-1951)is praised as a legendary eminent monk,an academic master,a humanist and patriot.The humanism concept of history founded by Gendun Chophel not only had significant impact on the history of studies of Tibetan culture and thought,but also gave special benefits to Chinese culture and thought.Gendun Chophel studied Sanskrit and Paliin India and Sri Lanka at the invitation of Rahula,an Indian Pandita,and he made journeys to places of Buddhist interest.Gendun Chophel went back to Tibet in 1938 on a field trip in Tsang area with Rahula,and returned to India in the same year.Gendun Chophel took a one-year and four-months'study tour to Sri Lanka during the period 1943 to 1944,and went back to Tibet in 1945.During his 12-year-long stay in South Asia,Gendun Chophel made in-depth investigations in South Asian countries such as India and Sri Lanka by visiting relics and places of interest,investigating local special cultural and historical sites,experiencing local customs,and visiting museums,temples,monasteries and schools.Based on this he wrote journals represented by A Sapiential Journey around Countries and A Journey to Ceylon.As one of the most creative scholars of Tibetan academic history during 20 th century,Gendun Chophel's travel notes present a whole new style of journal.It is one which inherits tradition but,at the same time,creates a combination of nature,humanity and history.The reinterpretation of Gendun Chophel's expressions of South Asian culture based on an in-depth analysis of his journal provides a path to finding out how individuals can dispel the traditional image of South Asia held by Tibetan people by taking the practice of travel.One of the questions is,how did Gendun Chophel obtain a“hidden identity”of an anthropologist,and acquire the ability for cultural self-examination in his writings based on his experiment as a witness?Tibetan elites living before Gendun Chophel usually constructed their image of South Asia from traditional journals,which was known as“”(meaning r

关 键 词：更敦群培 旅行文本 民族志书写 《智游列国漫记》 《锡兰纪行》 

分 类 号：C952[社会学—民族学]