中国企业在拉美履行社会责任:现状、制约因素及提升路径  

Social Responsibility of Chinese Enterprises in Latin America:Current Situation,Constraints and Promotion Paths

作　　者：谌园庭[1,2,3] Chen Yuanting

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所 [2]中国社会科学院国际关系研究室 [3]中国社会科学院墨西哥研究中心

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2020年第6期1-15,154,共16页Journal of Latin American Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国国际话语权的生成机制与构建战略研究”(编号:18BGJ044)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：如何将紧密的经贸联系转化为中国在拉美的影响力?本文选取“企业社会责任”这一微观视角,考察中国在拉美软实力构建的现状、面临的挑战及将来可以提升的路径选择。中国企业在拉美履行社会责任所面临的挑战和制约因素,同样也是中国在拉美软实力构建所面临的困惑。中国企业作为国家“走出去”和“一带一路”等重大战略的践行者和重要力量,履行海外社会责任是构建中国国家软实力战略的重要抓手,对于提升中国国家形象具有重要意义。企业国际化过程中来自利益相关者的压力是促进中国企业承担海外社会责任的外部动力,增强国际竞争力是中国企业承担海外社会责任的内在动力,重大危机则是检验企业履行海外社会责任的镜子。在环境维度、社会维度、经济维度和利益相关者维度等方面,中国企业在拉美开展了多样性的社会责任行动,但仍有很大提升空间。因此,有必要思考制度和文化等深层次制约因素。中国企业在拉美履行社会责任的提升路径包括政府和企业层面,在政府层面需补齐政策短板,在企业层面需加强意识、提升能力。This paper aims to explore the way to transform the close economic and trade ties into China’s influence in Latin America.The author selects the micro perspective of“corporate social responsibility”(CRS)to examine the current situation,challenges,and path choices of China’s soft power construction in Latin America.The challenges and constraints faced by Chinese enterprises in fulfilling CRS are also the puzzles faced by China in the construction of soft power in Latin America.The fulfillment of CRS is an important starting point for the construction of China’s national soft power strategy,which is of great significance to enhance China’s international image.The pressure from stakeholders is the external power to promote Chinese enterprises to undertake CRS,while international competitiveness is the internal driving force.The major crisis is a mirror to test enterprises’fulfilling of CRS.Chinese enterprises have carried out various CRS actions in the dimensions of environment,society,economy and stakeholders,yet there is still room for improvement.It is necessary to consider the institutional,cultural and other deep-seated constraints.To improve the CRS of Chinese enterprises in Latin America,Chinese government should make up for policy shortcomings,and enterprises should raise their awareness and improve their capabilities.

关 键 词：企业社会责任 软实力 国家形象 企业竞争力 制度约束 文化约束 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]